Charlene LueQuee
Packet Tracer
🏙️ Hub Overview 🧟 Zombie Horde 💀 Bad Guys Base 🕵️ The Shadow Within 🏴 Nation State APT
GRC Portfolio Curriculum Security+ Study Hub Network Quiz
Charlene LueQuee
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GRC Analyst · Curriculum Developer · Technical Content Creator

Charlene LueQuee

10+ years at Apple & Verizon in compliance, documentation & operations —
now building a career at the intersection of security, governance, and human learning.

GRC NIST CSF / 800-53 ISO 27001 Instructional Design CompTIA Security+ Per Scholas 2026
📑 View My Resume LinkedIn Profile Credly Badges

Who I Am

About Me

I'm a GRC Analyst, Curriculum Developer, and Technical Content Creator with 10+ years of enterprise experience at Apple and Verizon — and a passion for making security education creative, accessible, and portfolio-worthy.

At Apple, I served as a Technical Project Manager for Compliance & Process Documentation, where I developed SOPs, led compliance gap analyses, maintained audit-ready documentation across EMEA and APAC teams, and redesigned onboarding training that cut ramp-up time by 33% for 200+ employees. Before that, I spent years as a Genius and Senior Technical Specialist, building knowledge bases and translating complex technical content into clear, actionable guidance.

At Verizon, I managed retail operations and designed onboarding programs that reinforced regulatory procedures and performance standards across high-volume environments.

I'm currently completing Per Scholas' Cybersecurity AI Program (Charlotte, NC), building hands-on experience with NIST CSF/800-53, ISO 27001, SOC operations, Splunk, Cisco Packet Tracer, and security awareness training — and studying for CompTIA Security+ SY0-701.

My superpower is bridging the gap between technical rigor and human learning — whether that's building GRC documentation, designing instructional curricula, or creating cartoon-themed Security+ study hubs that actually make people want to study.

🏢

Apple & Verizon · 10+ Years

Technical PM, compliance documentation, SOPs, cross-functional ops across global teams

🎓

Instructional Design

ADDIE methodology, curriculum development, UDL principles — reduced new hire ramp-up 33%

🌍

Global Coordination

Cross-functional collaboration with EMEA & APAC teams at Apple

🔐

GRC in Progress

NIST CSF, 800-53, ISO 27001, risk registers, audit documentation, security awareness training

🤖

AI-Augmented Work

Human-led, AI-assisted development — portfolio, curricula, GRC deliverables, and this site

What I Bring

Technical Skills

GRC & Compliance

NIST CSF 2.0 NIST 800-53 ISO 27001 Risk Assessment Control Mapping Gap Analysis Audit Documentation Risk Registers

Security & SOC

SOC Fundamentals Incident Response Threat Detection Network Defense Security Awareness Training Vulnerability Documentation Third-Party Risk

Instructional Design

ADDIE Methodology Curriculum Development UDL Principles Job Task Analysis Competency Mapping Learning Experience Design Training Template Design

Policy & Documentation

SOP Development Technical Writing Knowledge Base Management Policy Lifecycle Mgmt Compliance Documentation Content Strategy

Tools & Platforms

Splunk Jira Asana Wrike SharePoint Google Workspace AWS (Fundamentals) Cisco Packet Tracer Gemini / ChatGPT / Claude Prompt Engineering

Apple Expertise

iOS Troubleshooting Mac Repair Device Diagnostics AppleCare Protocols Privacy Compliance

My Work

Projects & Labs

Network Lab

Packet Tracer Labs

36 hands-on Cisco Packet Tracer simulations across two modules — covering network topology, routing, security hardening, access control, cryptography, and monitoring. Includes a full risk register mapped to NIST CSF.

View Full Lab Portfolio →

Personal Project · In Progress

New Hope City

A fully self-directed Cisco Packet Tracer network simulation — a post-apocalyptic safe zone where network infrastructure is the difference between survival and collapse. Four live threat scenarios with full GRC documentation mapped to NIST CSF 2.0.

Explore New Hope City →

GRC Work · Applied Portfolio

🌈 Rainbow Byte Bakery GRC Portfolio

7 real-world GRC projects built around Rainbow Byte Bakery — a fictional growing company with no prior compliance program. As the company's first GRC Analyst, I built the program from scratch: ISO 27001 control mapping, a risk register with heat map, third-party vendor assessment, incident response plan & tabletop, SOC 2 cloud control mapping, an executive compliance dashboard, and a mock internal audit. Frameworks: NIST CSF 2.0 · ISO 27001 · NIST 800-53 · ISO 31000 · SOC 2 · ISO 27035.

View GRC Portfolio →

Study Notes · CompTIA Security+ SY0-701

📺 Cartoon Network-ing Study Hub

A fully interactive CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 study platform built around 15 cartoon-themed pages — SpongeBob, Ben 10, Avatar, Scooby-Doo, Gravity Falls, and more — each covering a Security+ domain through analogies, Leitner spaced-repetition flashcards, 10-question randomized quizzes, and interactive games. The hub includes an Acronym Blitz, a "Who Wants to Pass the CompTIA Security+?" millionaire-style game, and an ADDIE/GRC instructional design rationale section. Built using ADDIE methodology, retrieval practice, and UDL principles.

Explore the Study Hub →

Interactive Quiz · CompTIA Security+ SY0-701

🌐 Cartoon Network-ing: Sec+ Quiz

A standalone, cartoon-themed networking and Security+ quiz companion — covering core networking concepts mapped to CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 domains. Features randomized multiple-choice questions with instant feedback, score tracking, and a fun visual style designed to make exam prep feel less like studying and more like playing. Built as a supplement to the full Cartoon Network-ing Study Hub.

Launch the Quiz →

Instructional Design

Training & Curriculum Design

An 8-week, ADDIE-grounded professional development curriculum built for Per Scholas cybersecurity students — covering resume development, LinkedIn optimization, GitHub portfolio creation, AI-assisted career prep, elevator pitches, mock interviews, and a live capstone presentation. Includes a full instructional design portfolio breakdown with learning outcomes, curriculum map, assessment strategy, and adult learning theory documentation.

View Instructional Design Work →

💡 Projects and labs are updated continuously as I progress through the Per Scholas program and personal projects.

Credentials

Certifications

Completed
In Progress
Employer Certified

Cisco NetAcad Network Defense

Completed

Google AI Essentials

Completed

Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI Program

In Progress

CompTIA Security+ 701

In Progress — Exam Pending

Splunk Core Certified User

In Progress — Exam Pending

Apple iOS & Mac Repair

Employer Certified — Apple (2015–2024)

🏅 View My Credly Badges

📄 Full Resume

Professional History & Credentials

Professional Summary

GRC Analyst, Curriculum Developer, and Technical Content Creator with 10+ years of enterprise experience at Apple and Verizon, specializing in NIST CSF/800-53 compliance, policy development, and audit-ready documentation. Proven track record designing ADDIE-based training programs, compliance-aligned SOPs, and educational content that reduced onboarding time by 33% and supported 200+ employees across global environments. Currently completing Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI Program; CompTIA Security+ estimated July 2026.

NIST CSF / 800-53 ISO 27001 ADDIE Methodology Risk Assessment SOP Development Audit Documentation Splunk CompTIA Security+ (In Progress)

Experience

Freelance Technology Consultant Feb 2024 – May 2026
Independent / Self-Employed · Charlotte, NC (Remote & On-Site)
  • Delivered hands-on technical support and device setup assistance to clients ranging from children (age 8) to seniors (age 90), applying UDL principles to adapt instruction across diverse backgrounds, skill levels, and accessibility needs.
  • Resolved a wide range of technical issues — including email setup, software installation, password management, and data backup — maintaining client confidentiality and building community trust through consistent, professional service delivery.
Technical Project Manager — Compliance & Process Documentation 2023 – Jan 2024
Apple · Boston, Massachusetts (Remote — California)
  • Developed SOPs, compliance training materials, and process documentation supporting policy lifecycle management across global repair service workflows.
  • Performed compliance gap analysis and JTA of operational procedures, identifying control deficiencies and restructuring documentation to meet regulatory standards.
  • Maintained audit-ready documentation library in Jira, Asana, Wrike, and SharePoint for distributed teams across EMEA and APAC.
  • Redesigned onboarding training plan, reducing new hire ramp-up time from 6 to 4 weeks (33% faster) through improved curriculum sequencing and role-specific compliance alignment.
Compliance Documentation Gap Analysis Curriculum Design Audit-Ready Documentation EMEA / APAC Coordination
Genius — Senior Technical Specialist 2018 – 2023
Apple · Edison, New Jersey (Remote — California)
  • Acted as internal subject matter expert (SME); authored knowledge base articles and compliance training documentation, improving operational consistency and reducing policy-related service deviations.
  • Identified recurring risk patterns and training gaps; escalated structured findings and control improvement recommendations to engineering and support leadership, mirroring risk identification and remediation workflows.
  • Onboarded and mentored 200+ employees over 5 years using internally developed compliance training materials, adapting technical content for diverse learner backgrounds and security awareness objectives.
Knowledge Management Risk Identification Security Awareness Training SME Documentation
Technical Specialist / AppleCare Expert 2015 – 2018
Apple · Alpharetta, Georgia (On-Site)
  • Translated complex technical and compliance subject matter into clear, audience-appropriate instruction for non-technical end users, supporting security awareness training and policy communication goals.
  • Documented recurring operational issues and support patterns to support internal knowledge management and continuous improvement of compliance and training content libraries.
Technical Communication Policy Communication Process Documentation
Sales Manager 2010 – 2015
Verizon · Raleigh, North Carolina (On-Site)
  • Designed and delivered onboarding and compliance training programs for retail staff, reinforcing regulatory procedures, operational policy standards, and performance expectations in a high-volume environment.
  • Coordinated with vendor partners and cross-functional teams to ensure consistent policy adherence and regulatory compliance across multiple locations.
  • Managed daily retail operations, scheduling, and team performance through structured workflows and issue resolution.
Team Management Onboarding & Training Vendor Coordination Multi-Location Compliance

Portfolio Projects

🌈 Rainbow Byte Bakery GRC Portfolio View →
7 applied GRC projects · ISO 27001 · NIST RMF · SOC 2 · ISO 31000 · ISO 27035
  • Designed and developed a full-scope GRC program from scratch for a simulated growing company — including compliance gap analysis, risk register with heat map, vendor assessment scorecard, IR plan & tabletop exercise, SOC 2 cloud control mapping, executive compliance dashboard, and mock internal audit.
🏙️ New Hope City — Network Simulation View →
Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF 2.0 · GRC Documentation
  • Built a fully self-directed post-apocalyptic network simulation featuring 6 VLANs, ASA firewall, RADIUS authentication, SIEM, and 4 live threat scenarios — each with complete GRC documentation mapped to NIST CSF 2.0.
📺 Cartoon Network-ing Security+ Study Hub View →
ADDIE · Spaced Repetition · UDL · 15 cartoon-themed pages
  • Designed and developed a full interactive CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 study hub — 15 cartoon-themed pages covering all exam domains, Leitner flashcard systems, randomized quizzes, Acronym Blitz, and a Millionaire-style review game.
🌐 Cartoon Network-ing: Sec+ Practice Exam Engine View →
ADDIE · Assessment Design · UDL · HTML/CSS/JS · CompTIA SY0-701
  • Designed and developed a standalone, curriculum-aligned practice exam engine featuring 100-question full exams, 35-question quick quizzes, and domain-focused drill modes — each built around cartoon analogies to apply schema activation and retrieval practice principles; includes performance-based question types (drag-and-drop, matching), a printable personalized study report, and an instructional design rationale section documenting the ADDIE process for portfolio reviewers and hiring managers.
🎓 National Non-Profit Cybersecurity PD Curriculum View →
Per Scholas · ADDIE · Kirkpatrick · UDL · charleneluequee.github.io/pd-plan.html
  • Designed a full 8-week professional development curriculum for Per Scholas — covering resume writing, LinkedIn optimization, GitHub portfolio building, AI-assisted career prep, elevator pitches, mock interviews, and a live capstone presentation — with a configurable AI-assisted Teacher Planning Document as a live web deliverable.

Education & Training

Per Scholas · Charlotte, NC
Cybersecurity with AI Tools
In Progress — GRC, SOC operations, NIST/ISO frameworks, Splunk, CompTIA Security+ preparation.
Expected Jul 2026
University of Maryland Eastern Shore
Business Administration — 90/120 credits completed
Coursework: Management Information Systems · Business Law & Ethics · Organizational Behavior & Leadership

Certifications

✓ Google AI Essentials ✓ Cisco NetAcad Network Defense ⏳ CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 — Est. Jul 2026 ⏳ Splunk Core Certified User — Est. Jul 2026 🍎 Apple iOS & Mac Repair — Employer Certified

Core Competencies

GRC & Compliance
NIST CSF · NIST 800-53 · Risk Assessment · Control Mapping · Compliance Gap Analysis · Audit Documentation · Regulatory Compliance
Policy & Governance
Policy Development · SOP Development · Procedure Writing · Compliance Documentation · Knowledge Management · Security Awareness Training
Instructional Design
ADDIE Methodology · Curriculum Development · Learning Experience Design · Job Task Analysis · Competency Mapping · Training Template Design · UDL
Tools & Platforms
Jira · Asana · Wrike · SharePoint · Google Workspace · AWS · Splunk · Gemini · ChatGPT · Claude · Prompt Engineering
Download PDF Resume

Growth Mindset

Currently Learning

Actively studying for CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 (est. July 2026) and Splunk Core Certified User, while completing Per Scholas' Cybersecurity AI Program.

📜 Certifications in Progress
CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 — Est. July 2026
Splunk Core Certified User — Est. July 2026
Cisco NetAcad Network Defense — ✓ Completed
Google AI Essentials — ✓ Completed
🛡️ Security & GRC Domains
📡 Splunk SIEM 🔍 SOC Operations 📐 NIST CSF 2.0 📜 NIST RMF 🛡️ ISO 27001 ⚖️ SOC 2 & HIPAA 🔒 CIS Controls 📊 GRC Documentation
🛠️ Technical Skills Building
🌐 Cisco Packet Tracer 🤖 AI in Cybersecurity 💻 GitHub & Portfolio Building 🔐 CompTIA Security+ 701 🧩 Prompt Engineering 📋 Incident Response Planning

What Drives My Work

Instructional Design Philosophy

I believe security education works best when it meets people where they are — culturally, cognitively, and creatively. Every curriculum I build is grounded in three principles:

🎓

ADDIE Framework

Every deliverable — from training plans to cartoon study hubs — follows the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate lifecycle. Learner needs first. Content second.

🔁

Spaced Repetition & Retrieval Practice

Leitner flashcard systems, 10-question randomized quizzes, and milestone games — not cramming. Learning that sticks is learning that comes back when you least expect it.

🌈

Universal Design for Learning

Multiple means of representation, engagement, and expression. Whether you're 8 or 80, a Scooby-Doo analogy or a NIST control table — there's a path in for every learner.

Giving Back

Community & Volunteer Work

🙏

Faith-Based IT Volunteer

Provided volunteer IT support to faith-based organizations — hardware setup, email configuration, social media profile creation — enabling consistent digital outreach and community engagement.

💻

Independent Technology Consultant

Delivered hands-on technical support to clients ranging from children (age 8) to seniors (age 90), applying UDL principles to adapt instruction across diverse backgrounds, skill levels, and accessibility needs.

🗓️

Community Event Coordination

Developed structured group travel and event plans as operational planning documents — budgeted itineraries, venue options, and logistical coordination — applying curriculum development and project management skills in community service contexts.

Get In Touch

Let's Connect

Open to GRC, compliance, instructional design, and security operations roles. I bring 10+ years of enterprise experience, an active CompTIA Security+ candidacy, and a portfolio that reflects both technical rigor and creative pedagogy.

LinkedIn Credly Badges 📑 Resume

Connect on LinkedIn or view my resume for direct contact details.

© 2026 Charlene LueQuee  ·  Built with GitHub Pages
Charlene LueQuee ← Home

Per Scholas · Cisco NetAcad

Packet Tracer Lab Portfolio

36 hands-on network labs completed across Cisco Networking Basics and Network Defense — covering routing, security hardening, encryption, access control, and monitoring.

36
Labs Completed
2
Cisco Modules
~28
Est. Hours
5
Skill Areas

Full Overview

Master Lab List

Lab ID Title Module Category Est. Time
GLAB 123.4.1Configure a Wireless Router and ClientMOD 123Networking Basics45 min
GLAB 123.8.1Connect to a Web ServerMOD 123Networking Basics30 min
GLAB 123.11.1Configure DHCP on a Wireless RouterMOD 123Networking Basics30 min
GLAB 123.12.1Examine NAT on a Wireless RouterMOD 123Networking Basics30 min
ALAB 123.17.1Use the ipconfig CommandMOD 123Networking Basics20 min
GLAB 123.13.1Identify MAC and IP AddressesMOD 123Networking Basics30 min
GLAB 123.14.1Observe Traffic Flow in a Routed NetworkMOD 123Networking Basics35 min
GLAB 123.14.2Create a LANMOD 123Networking Basics40 min
GLAB 123.16.1The Client InteractionMOD 123Networking Basics25 min
GLAB 123.16.2Observe Web RequestsMOD 123Networking Basics25 min
GLAB 123.16.2Use Telnet and SSHMOD 123Networking Basics30 min
GLAB 123.16.3Use FTP ServicesMOD 123Networking Basics25 min
GLAB 123.17.2Use the ping CommandMOD 123Networking Basics20 min
GLAB 125.1.1Document Enterprise Cybersecurity IssuesMOD 125Security45 min
GLAB 125.2.1Investigating OWASPMOD 125Security40 min
GLAB 125.2.2Configure Wireless Router Hardening and SecurityMOD 125Security45 min
GLAB 125.2.3Implement Physical Security with IoT DevicesMOD 125Security45 min
GLAB 125.3.1Configure Access ControlMOD 125Access Control40 min
GLAB 125.3.2Configure Authentication and Authorization in LinuxMOD 125Access Control45 min
GLAB 125.3.3Configure Server-Based Authentication with TACACS+ and RADIUSMOD 125Access Control50 min
GLAB 125.4.1Configure Named Standard IPv4 ACLsMOD 125Access Control40 min
GLAB 125.4.2Configure Numbered Standard IPv4 ACLsMOD 125Access Control40 min
GLAB 125.4.3Configure Extended ACLs Scenario 1MOD 125Access Control45 min
GLAB 125.4.4Configure Extended ACLs Scenario 2MOD 125Access Control45 min
GLAB 125.4.5Configure IPv6 ACLsMOD 125Access Control45 min
GLAB 125.8.1Use Classic and Modern Encryption AlgorithmsMOD 125Cryptography40 min
GLAB 125.8.2Encrypting and Decrypting Data Using OpenSSLMOD 125Cryptography45 min
GLAB 125.8.3Encrypting and Decrypting Data Using a Hacker ToolMOD 125Cryptography40 min
GLAB 125.8.4Examining Telnet and SSH in WiresharkMOD 125Cryptography40 min
GLAB 125.8.6Use Steganography to Hide DataMOD 125Cryptography35 min
GLAB 125.8.7Hashing Things OutMOD 125Cryptography35 min
GLAB 125.8.8Generate and Use a Digital SignatureMOD 125Cryptography40 min
GLAB 125.8.9Certificate Authority StoresMOD 125Cryptography40 min
GLAB 125.10.1Explore a NetFlow ImplementationMOD 125Monitoring40 min
GLAB 125.10.2Logging from Multiple SourcesMOD 125Monitoring40 min
Lab Hours by Category
Networking Basics
~8h
Access Control
~7h
Cryptography
~7h
Security Hardening
~3h
Monitoring & Logging
~1.5h

Browse by Subject

Lab Descriptions

GLAB 123.4.1 · Module 123
Configure a Wireless Router and Client
Set up a home wireless router and connected a client device in Packet Tracer. Configured SSID, wireless security settings, and verified successful client connectivity to the network.
Wi-FiRouter ConfigSSID
45 min
GLAB 123.8.1 · Module 123
Connect to a Web Server
Simulated a client-server web connection in Packet Tracer. Traced HTTP traffic from a browser request to a web server response, building understanding of how web communication flows across a network.
HTTPClient-ServerTCP/IP
30 min
GLAB 123.11.1 · Module 123
Configure DHCP on a Wireless Router
Enabled and configured DHCP on a wireless router to automatically assign IP addresses to clients. Verified that connected devices received correct IP, subnet mask, and gateway information.
DHCPIP AddressingRouter
30 min
GLAB 123.12.1 · Module 123
Examine NAT on a Wireless Router
Analyzed how Network Address Translation (NAT) works on a wireless router by observing how private internal IP addresses are translated to a single public IP when communicating with the internet.
NATPrivate IPPublic IP
30 min
ALAB 123.17.1 · Module 123
Use the ipconfig Command
Used the ipconfig command to examine a device's network configuration — including IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. Practiced interpreting output to troubleshoot basic connectivity.
ipconfigCLITroubleshooting
20 min
GLAB 123.13.1 · Module 123
Identify MAC and IP Addresses
Located and identified MAC and IP addresses across multiple devices in a simulated network. Explored how MAC addresses operate at Layer 2 and IP addresses operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model.
MAC AddressIP AddressOSI Model
30 min
GLAB 123.14.1 · Module 123
Observe Traffic Flow in a Routed Network
Traced how data packets travel across a multi-router network using Packet Tracer's simulation mode. Observed routing decisions at each hop and how packets reach their destination across different subnets.
RoutingPacket FlowSubnets
35 min
GLAB 123.14.2 · Module 123
Create a LAN
Built a Local Area Network from scratch in Packet Tracer — placing switches, connecting end devices, and configuring IP addresses to establish full connectivity between all nodes on the network.
LANSwitchNetwork Design
40 min
GLAB 123.16.1 · Module 123
The Client Interaction
Simulated how a client device interacts with various network services. Examined the full request/response cycle including DNS resolution, IP assignment, and data exchange with servers.
DNSClient ServicesProtocols
25 min
GLAB 123.16.2 · Module 123
Observe Web Requests
Monitored HTTP web requests in real time using Packet Tracer's simulation mode. Observed how browsers send GET requests, servers respond, and data is reassembled at the client side.
HTTPGET RequestBrowser
25 min
GLAB 123.16.2 · Module 123
Use Telnet and SSH
Compared Telnet and SSH remote access protocols side by side. Connected to network devices using both methods and observed the critical security difference — SSH encrypts the session, Telnet does not.
SSHTelnetRemote Access
30 min
GLAB 123.16.3 · Module 123
Use FTP Services
Configured and used FTP to transfer files between a client and server in Packet Tracer. Explored how FTP operates, the role of control and data channels, and why secure alternatives like SFTP matter.
FTPFile TransferServer
25 min
GLAB 123.17.2 · Module 123
Use the ping Command
Used the ping command to test connectivity between devices across a simulated network. Interpreted ICMP responses to diagnose reachability, latency, and potential network issues.
pingICMPDiagnostics
20 min
GLAB 125.1.1 · Module 125
Document Enterprise Cybersecurity Issues
Identified and documented cybersecurity vulnerabilities and risks within a simulated enterprise environment. Practiced writing structured security issue reports — a core GRC skill for audit support and compliance documentation.
GRCDocumentationRisk ID
45 min
GLAB 125.2.1 · Module 125
Investigating OWASP
Explored the OWASP Top 10 web application vulnerabilities. Researched real-world examples of injection attacks, broken authentication, and misconfiguration risks — mapping them to compliance frameworks used in GRC.
OWASPWeb SecurityRisk
40 min
GLAB 125.2.2 · Module 125
Configure Wireless Router Hardening and Security
Applied security hardening techniques to a wireless router — disabling unnecessary services, changing default credentials, enabling WPA2 encryption, and configuring a firewall. Documented each change as a mitigation control.
HardeningWPA2Firewall
45 min
GLAB 125.2.3 · Module 125
Implement Physical Security with IoT Devices
Simulated physical security controls using IoT sensors and devices in Packet Tracer. Connected motion detectors, door locks, and cameras to a network — demonstrating how physical and cyber security converge in modern environments.
IoTPhysical SecuritySensors
45 min
GLAB 125.3.1 · Module 125
Configure Access Control
Configured role-based access control policies in a simulated network environment. Applied the principle of least privilege — ensuring users and devices could only access resources necessary for their function.
RBACLeast PrivilegePolicy
40 min
GLAB 125.3.2 · Module 125
Configure Authentication and Authorization in Linux
Set up user authentication and authorization controls in a Linux environment. Managed user accounts, permissions, and group policies — reinforcing how identity management underpins both security operations and compliance requirements.
LinuxAuthUser Mgmt
45 min
GLAB 125.3.3 · Module 125
Configure Server-Based Authentication with TACACS+ and RADIUS
Deployed centralized authentication using TACACS+ and RADIUS servers. Configured network devices to authenticate users against a central server — a standard enterprise security control that reduces credential sprawl and supports audit trails.
TACACS+RADIUSAAA
50 min
GLAB 125.4.1 · Module 125
Configure Named Standard IPv4 ACLs
Created named standard Access Control Lists to permit or deny traffic based on source IP addresses. Named ACLs improve readability and manageability of network security policies in enterprise environments.
ACLIPv4Traffic Filtering
40 min
GLAB 125.4.2 · Module 125
Configure Numbered Standard IPv4 ACLs
Applied numbered standard ACLs to filter inbound and outbound traffic on router interfaces. Tested rule logic by verifying which traffic was permitted or blocked — validating that security policy matched intended design.
ACLRouterPolicy
40 min
GLAB 125.4.3 · Module 125
Configure Extended ACLs Scenario 1
Implemented extended ACLs that filter traffic based on both source and destination IP, protocol, and port. Extended ACLs provide granular network access control critical for segmenting sensitive resources.
Extended ACLPort FilteringProtocol
45 min
GLAB 125.4.4 · Module 125
Configure Extended ACLs Scenario 2
Applied a second extended ACL scenario with more complex filtering requirements — restricting access to specific servers by service type while permitting legitimate traffic. Reinforced troubleshooting and ACL placement strategy.
Extended ACLSecurity PolicyTesting
45 min
GLAB 125.4.5 · Module 125
Configure IPv6 ACLs
Extended ACL knowledge to IPv6 networks — configuring access control rules for next-generation IP addressing. As IPv6 adoption grows, securing IPv6 traffic is an increasingly critical compliance and network defense requirement.
IPv6ACLNext-Gen
45 min
GLAB 125.8.1 · Module 125
Use Classic and Modern Encryption Algorithms
Compared historical ciphers (Caesar, Vigenère) with modern encryption standards (AES, RSA). Understanding encryption evolution provides essential context for evaluating data protection controls in GRC risk assessments.
AESRSAEncryption
40 min
GLAB 125.8.2 · Module 125
Encrypting and Decrypting Data Using OpenSSL
Used the OpenSSL toolkit to encrypt and decrypt files from the command line. Gained hands-on experience with industry-standard encryption tools used to protect data at rest and in transit across enterprise environments.
OpenSSLCLIData Protection
45 min
GLAB 125.8.3 · Module 125
Encrypting and Decrypting Data Using a Hacker Tool
Examined encryption from an attacker's perspective using a hacker tool to decrypt improperly secured data. This offensive lens directly supports defensive GRC work — understanding how attackers exploit weak encryption informs better control selection.
OffensiveWeak EncryptionDefense
40 min
GLAB 125.8.4 · Module 125
Examining Telnet and SSH in Wireshark
Captured and analyzed Telnet and SSH sessions in Wireshark. Visually confirmed that Telnet credentials are transmitted in plaintext while SSH encrypts the entire session — a compelling demonstration of why protocol choice is a compliance issue.
WiresharkPacket CaptureSSH
40 min
GLAB 125.8.6 · Module 125
Use Steganography to Hide Data
Concealed secret data inside an image file using steganography techniques. Explored how hidden data channels can bypass traditional security controls — understanding covert data exfiltration methods is key to building stronger detection strategies.
SteganographyCovert ChannelExfil
35 min
GLAB 125.8.7 · Module 125
Hashing Things Out
Generated and verified cryptographic hashes using MD5 and SHA algorithms. Demonstrated how hashing ensures data integrity — a foundational concept in compliance frameworks including NIST CSF and ISO 27001 data protection controls.
HashingSHAIntegrity
35 min
GLAB 125.8.8 · Module 125
Generate and Use a Digital Signature
Created and verified a digital signature to authenticate a document and confirm it had not been tampered with. Digital signatures are a core non-repudiation control used in compliance, legal, and audit workflows.
Digital SignatureNon-repudiationPKI
40 min
GLAB 125.8.9 · Module 125
Certificate Authority Stores
Explored how Certificate Authority (CA) stores work in browsers and operating systems. Examined the chain of trust model — understanding PKI infrastructure is essential for evaluating encryption and identity controls in compliance assessments.
PKICertificatesTrust Chain
40 min
GLAB 125.10.1 · Module 125
Explore a NetFlow Implementation
Configured and analyzed NetFlow traffic data on a simulated network. NetFlow provides visibility into network traffic patterns — a key input for SOC analysts detecting anomalies, bandwidth abuse, and potential data exfiltration.
NetFlowTraffic AnalysisSOC
40 min
GLAB 125.10.2 · Module 125
Logging from Multiple Sources
Aggregated logs from multiple network devices into a centralized logging system. Practiced correlating events across sources — directly applicable to SIEM operations in a SOC and required for compliance audit trails under NIST and ISO 27001.
SIEMLog AggregationAudit Trail
40 min

GRC Application

Risk Analysis Report

The following risk analysis applies GRC principles — drawn from NIST CSF and ISO 27001 — to the network environment explored across these labs. Each risk is tied directly to lab findings.

Network Security Risk Register

Per Scholas Cybersecurity Lab Environment · NIST CSF & ISO 27001 Aligned

This risk register identifies key vulnerabilities observed during lab exercises and maps them to likelihood, impact, and mitigation controls. It demonstrates the direct connection between hands-on network work and enterprise GRC practice.

Risk ID Risk Description Source Lab Likelihood Impact Rating Mitigation Control
R-001 Plaintext credential transmission via Telnet 125.8.4 / 123.16.2 High High Critical Replace Telnet with SSH; enforce encrypted remote access policy
R-002 Misconfigured or default wireless router credentials 123.4.1 / 125.2.2 High High Critical Apply router hardening checklist; change defaults; enable WPA2/WPA3
R-003 Overly permissive network access (missing ACLs) 125.4.1–125.4.5 High Medium High Implement named/numbered ACLs; apply least-privilege network segmentation
R-004 Unauthorized access due to weak authentication 125.3.1 / 125.3.2 Medium High High Deploy TACACS+/RADIUS centralized auth; enforce MFA where possible
R-005 Weak or outdated encryption protecting sensitive data 125.8.1 / 125.8.2 Medium High High Enforce AES-256 minimum standard; audit encryption across all data flows
R-006 Data exfiltration via covert steganography channel 125.8.6 Low High Medium Deploy DLP controls; monitor outbound file transfers; user awareness training
R-007 Insufficient log aggregation limiting incident detection 125.10.2 Medium Medium Medium Centralize logging via SIEM; define log retention policy per compliance requirements
R-008 IoT devices introduced without security baseline 125.2.3 Medium Medium Medium Establish IoT onboarding policy; segment IoT on isolated VLAN
R-009 Untrusted certificate authorities in browser stores 125.8.9 Low High Medium Audit CA trust stores; implement certificate pinning; PKI governance policy
R-010 OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities in web-facing services 125.2.1 High High Critical Conduct regular DAST/SAST scans; align remediation to OWASP mitigation guidance

NIST CSF Function Mapping

Labs mapped to NIST Cybersecurity Framework core functions

Each lab category maps to one or more NIST CSF functions, demonstrating that this lab portfolio covers the full cybersecurity lifecycle — not just technical skills.

Identify
8 labs
Protect
18 labs
Detect
4 labs
Respond
3 labs
Recover
1 lab
← Back to Portfolio

Personal Project

New Hope City

Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF 2.0 · Self-Directed

New Hope City is a fully self-directed network simulation built from scratch in Cisco Packet Tracer — a post-apocalyptic safe zone where network infrastructure is the difference between survival and collapse. The project features six isolated VLANs, a perimeter ASA firewall, RADIUS authentication, a SIEM, and a full management network — all stress-tested across four live threat scenarios, each paired with enterprise GRC documentation mapped to NIST CSF 2.0.

6 VLANs ASA 5505 Firewall RADIUS Auth SIEM / Splunk NIST CSF 2.0 4 Live Scenarios
Explore New Hope City
© 2026 Charlene LueQuee  ·  Packet Tracer Lab Portfolio  ·  Built with GitHub Pages
Charlene LueQuee Lab Portfolio
Personal Project · Cisco Packet Tracer

New Hope City A post-apocalyptic network simulation

Six zones. Eight VLANs. Four threat actors. One chance to keep the city alive — defended through Zero Trust, VLAN segmentation, and NIST CSF principles.

Zero Trust Least Privilege NIST CSF VLAN Segmentation IDS/IPS GRC Documentation
Enter the Scenarios

Mission Brief

Project Overview

New Hope City is a fully self-directed Cisco Packet Tracer network simulation built from scratch — a post-apocalyptic safe zone where network infrastructure is the difference between survival and collapse.

The city is divided into six physical zones, each isolated on its own VLAN. A Layer 3 core switch acts as the city's spine. A Cisco ASA firewall guards the perimeter. RADIUS handles authentication. A SIEM aggregates logs city-wide.

The lab demonstrates: VLAN segmentation, ACL design, Zero Trust architecture, IoT security, OT/ICS air gaps, wireless hardening, incident response, and GRC documentation — all mapped to NIST CSF functions.

Four playable threat scenarios — ranging from a zombie horde DDoS to a nation-state APT — stress-test every layer of the city's defenses. Each scenario is documented with Threat Actor Profile → Attack Vector → Defense Triggered → Outcome.

6
Physical Zones
8
VLANs
4
Threat Scenarios
9
Build Phases

Network Architecture

City Layout & Topology

New Hope City – Network Architecture Overview A segmented network diagram of New Hope City showing all buildings, zones, perimeter security, and scenario threat actors. New Hope City — Network Architecture Zero Trust · Least Privilege · Network Segmentation · GRC ● OUTER PERIMETER — 360° cameras · motion sensors · guard posts · satellite uplink War Room VLAN 10 · Air-gapped ops Hacker defense team Armory VLAN 20 · RBAC inventory Weapons · supplies mgmt Energy & Water VLAN 30 · OT air-gap ICS/SCADA · IoT sensors CORE SWITCH Cisco 3650 L3 · Trunk ports ASA FIREWALL Cisco 5505 · Perimeter Greenhouse VLAN 40 · IoT sensors Food supply · soil monitors Warehouse VLAN 50 · FIFO tracking Supply chain · inventory Residential Block VLAN 60 · Restricted access Survivor housing · med wing VLAN 70 — PERIMETER/CAMERAS · guard posts · motion sensors · satellite uplink VLAN 99 — MANAGEMENT · SIEM · File Server · Admin access only THREAT ACTORS (OUTSIDE PERIMETER) Zombie Horde DDoS · MAC flood Raider Camp Raid · supply theft Internal Threat Insider · infiltration Nation State APT · subjugation Legend: Red = Command/Threat Blush = Controlled access Moss = Environment/IoT Tiffany = Critical infra Lavender = Residential Teal = Logistics All VLANs isolated · Zero Trust enforced · Least Privilege per zone · Failover enabled

Fig 1 — New Hope City Network Architecture · 6 Zones · 8 VLANs · Perimeter firewall + SIEM

[ Packet Tracer Logical Topology Screenshot — Add when build is complete ]

Network Segmentation

Zone Breakdown

VLAN 10
War Room
City command center. Air-gapped operations. Hosts the hacker defense team, SIEM console, and incident response coordination. Most restricted zone — no inbound from any other VLAN without explicit ACL permit.
Air-gap SIEM ACL deny-all Zero Trust
VLAN 20
Armory
Weapons, ammo, and critical supply management. Role-based access control via RADIUS. Inventory logged and tracked. Access restricted to authorized personnel with explicit RBAC assignments.
RBAC RADIUS Inventory logging
VLAN 30
Energy & Water Plant
ICS/SCADA systems, generators, water purification sensors, and IoT monitoring. Operationally air-gapped from general network. Nation-state APT primary target. OT protocols require specialized access controls.
OT air-gap ICS/SCADA IoT APT target
VLAN 40
Greenhouse
Food production and agricultural IoT monitoring. Soil sensors, irrigation controls, UV grow-light systems. Isolated to prevent lateral movement from compromised IoT devices. Lowest trust tier.
IoT Low trust Isolated
VLAN 50
Warehouse
Supply chain hub. FIFO inventory system. Rewards program tracking for supply runners. Primary entry point for Scenario 3 (insider threat) — compromised warehouse PC attempts lateral movement to War Room.
FIFO Supply chain Insider risk
VLAN 60
Residential Block
Survivor housing and medical wing. Limited network access: residents may access Greenhouse data and general comms only. No access to War Room, Armory, or Energy Plant. Wireless clients connect via NHC-MESH.
Restricted Wireless NHC-MESH
VLAN 70
Perimeter / Cameras
360° perimeter cameras, motion sensors, guard post terminals, and satellite uplink management. Read-only access for War Room monitoring. No data flows inbound from this VLAN to operational zones.
CCTV Motion sensors Satellite Read-only
VLAN 99
Management
File server (GRC documents), SIEM, RADIUS authentication server, and admin-only console access. All governance documentation hosted here. War Room and designated admins only — read-only access to general staff.
GRC docs SIEM Admin-only RADIUS

Documentation

Screenshots & Build Photos

Physical City Layout
Packet Tracer Physical tab — 6 buildings placed
Logical Topology
Core switch wiring — all building switches connected
VLAN Configuration
Core switch CLI — all 8 VLANs configured
ASA Firewall Rules
Perimeter firewall policy — inbound/outbound ACLs
SIEM Alert Log
SIEM firing during insider threat scenario
Wireless Config
NHC-MESH SSID + WPA2-Enterprise + rogue AP detection

Threat Scenarios

Choose Your Scenario

Scenario 01 · Zombie Horde
Zombie Horde
10+ zombie devices flood the perimeter. IDS/IPS detects the ping storm. A "mutated zombie" changes its MAC address — port security catches it. Firewall drops every packet.
DDoS / Ping Flood MAC Spoofing Port Security IDS/IPS
›
Scenario 02 · Raiders
Bad Guys Base
Raider Camp launches from the internet — brute-forcing the firewall, probing open ports, targeting Warehouse VLAN 50. ACLs block every move. Bonus: VLAN hopping attempt stopped cold by DTP disabled.
Brute Force Port Scanning VLAN Hopping ACL
›
Scenario 03 · Insider Threat
The Shadow Within
A compromised Warehouse PC (VLAN 50) attempts to reach the War Room (VLAN 10). ACL deny logs in the SIEM. Insider escalates to RADIUS server — least privilege blocks it. War Room locks the account.
Lateral Movement Privilege Escalation SIEM Alert Least Privilege
›
Scenario 04 · Nation State APT
Nation State APT
Most sophisticated threat. Persistent slow probe targeting Energy & Water VLAN 30. Rogue evil-twin AP deployed. OT air gap holds. WLAN monitoring detects the fake SSID. War Room null-routes the source.
APT / Slow Probe Evil Twin AP OT Defense Null Route
›

GRC Context

Why This Project Matters for GRC

Every New Hope City scenario maps directly to a real-world GRC control from NIST CSF 2.0. The post-apocalyptic setting strips away corporate jargon and forces clear thinking about why controls exist — because when resources are scarce and stakes are existential, only the essential security principles survive.

Scenario Real-World GRC Equivalent NIST CSF 2.0
🧟 Zombie Horde DDoS mitigation policy, network perimeter defence, port security standards, MAC address management Detect · Respond
DE.CM · RS.RP
💀 Bad Guys Base Firewall ACL design, brute-force lockout policy, VLAN isolation standards, perimeter access control Protect · Detect
PR.AC · DE.AE
🕵️ The Shadow Within Insider threat programme, least privilege enforcement, lateral movement detection, identity governance Protect · Detect
PR.AC · DE.CM
🏴 Nation State APT OT/ICS air-gap policy, wireless security standard, APT detection, threat intelligence integration Identify · Detect · Respond
ID.RA · DE.AE · RS.RP
New Hope City Part of the Charlene LueQuee Lab Portfolio
Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF · GRC Documentation · 2026
New Hope City
S-01 · ZOMBIE HORDE ← All Scenarios
New Hope City · Scenario 01 · GRC Incident File

Zombie
Horde

10+ zombie devices launch a coordinated ping flood against the city perimeter. A "mutated" variant rotates its MAC address to evade detection. IDS/IPS, port security, and the perimeter firewall are put to the test.

DDoS / Ping Flood MAC Spoofing Port Security IDS / IPS VLAN 70 — Perimeter

Scenario Overview

Incident Classification & Context

Document ID
NHC-INC-001
Scenario
Zombie Horde
Incident Type
DDoS · MAC Spoofing
Severity
HIGH
Primary Target
VLAN 70 — Perimeter
Outcome
Contained
NIST CSF Phase
Detect · Respond
Framework
NIST CSF 2.0

Threat Actor Profile

Undirected external botnet — "zombie horde" of compromised devices with no single command origin

Resource exhaustion; opportunistic disruption of perimeter communications and guard communications (VLAN 70)

Low-to-Medium. Base flood is unsophisticated; mutated MAC-rotating variant suggests semi-autonomous evasion capability

ICMP ping flood from 10+ external nodes; one "mutated" node employs dynamic MAC address rotation to evade port security blocks

External perimeter — outside the ASA 5505 firewall boundary. No internal VLAN breach achieved.

T1498 — Network Denial of Service; T1036.006 — Masquerading via MAC Address Spoofing

Attack Topology

Network Flow Diagram

🧟

Diagram — Zombie Horde Attack Flow

Insert Packet Tracer topology screenshot or exported network diagram here.
Show: 10+ external zombie nodes → ASA 5505 firewall → VLAN 70 perimeter switch → IDS/IPS alert path → War Room (VLAN 10) notification.
Annotate the "mutated zombie" node and the port security block event.

PLACEHOLDER · Export from Packet Tracer Logical View
📊

Diagram — Traffic Volume Timeline

Insert SIEM / Simulation Mode screenshot showing ICMP flood spike, IDS trigger point, and traffic drop-off after firewall block rule applied.
Label T0 (flood onset), T1 (IDS alert), T2 (firewall rule active), T3 (MAC spoof detected by port security).

PLACEHOLDER · Export from Splunk / Packet Tracer Simulation Mode

Enterprise GRC · Risk Register

Identified Risks — Zombie Horde Scenario

Risk ID Risk Description Affected Asset Threat Source Likelihood Impact Severity Current Controls Residual Risk Owner
NHC-R-001 ICMP ping flood saturates VLAN 70 perimeter bandwidth, degrading guard patrol communications and camera feeds VLAN 70 — Perimeter Switch, Camera Network External botnet (zombie devices) High High — loss of situational awareness at city perimeter HIGH ASA 5505 rate-limiting; IDS/IPS ICMP threshold alert; VLAN segmentation isolates flood to VLAN 70 LOW War Room SOC
NHC-R-002 MAC address rotation by mutated zombie node allows sustained port access after initial port security block, enabling continued flood participation VLAN 70 perimeter switch ports Mutated zombie node (semi-autonomous MAC spoofer) Medium Medium — extended flood duration if undetected; potential for partial perimeter disruption HIGH Port security sticky MAC; max MAC per port = 1; violation mode: shutdown; SIEM alert on rapid MAC change LOW Network Engineer / SOC Tier 2
NHC-R-003 Sustained flood may overwhelm IDS/IPS rule engine, causing alert fatigue or missed events on other VLANs during incident IDS/IPS engine; SOC analyst capacity Volume-based noise from flood Medium Medium — secondary threats could go undetected during active response MEDIUM IDS/IPS VLAN-scoped rules; SIEM event correlation; flood auto-block reduces alert volume; SOC escalation path defined LOW SOC Lead / War Room Commander
NHC-R-004 Firewall ACL policy gap — ICMP not explicitly denied inbound on perimeter interface — allows flood packets to reach VLAN 70 switch before rate limit triggers ASA 5505 inbound perimeter ACL Unsophisticated external nodes exploiting permissive default policy Low (if ACL properly configured) High — root cause of initial flood impact HIGH Explicit deny ICMP inbound rule added post-incident; rate limit pre-configured on perimeter interface LOW Network Engineer
NHC-R-005 No automated isolation playbook — initial manual intervention required before automated controls kicked in, creating a detection-to-containment gap Incident Response Process Operational gap — procedural Medium Medium — each minute of delay during a flood extends perimeter degradation MEDIUM Automated IPS block rule defined; SIEM playbook triggers auto-block after threshold; IRP documented LOW SOC Lead

Incident Response Plan · NHC-INC-001

Response Phases — Zombie Horde

1
Phase 1 · Preparation
Pre-Incident Hardening & Readiness
ASA 5505 firewall configured with inbound ICMP rate-limiting on the perimeter interface. IDS/IPS rule: alert on ICMP flood exceeding 500 packets/second from a single source or aggregate of 5+ sources. Port security enabled on all VLAN 70 switch ports — sticky MAC, max 1 MAC per port, violation mode: shutdown. SIEM alert profile for "perimeter flood" event category pre-configured. SOC analyst on-call rotation and escalation path documented. War Room commander briefed on flood scenario response SLA: detection ≤ 2 min, containment ≤ 5 min.
Owner: Network Engineer + SOC Lead
2
Phase 2 · Detection & Analysis
Flood Identified — IDS/IPS Alert Fires
IDS/IPS detects ICMP flood from 10+ external sources targeting VLAN 70. SIEM generates high-severity alert: "PERIMETER_ICMP_FLOOD_001." SOC Tier 1 analyst reviews packet capture — confirms volumetric attack, no payload anomaly. Mutated zombie node identified via SIEM MAC-change detection log: single port showing >3 MAC addresses within 60 seconds. Incident ticket created: NHC-INC-001. War Room Commander notified within 2 minutes of initial alert. Severity upgraded to HIGH.
Owner: SOC Tier 1 Analyst → SOC Tier 2 Escalation
3
Phase 3 · Containment
Firewall Block + Port Security Shutdown
Short-term: ASA 5505 — applied deny rule: deny icmp any any inbound on perimeter interface. Traffic from all 10 zombie source IPs dropped at firewall edge. VLAN 70 switch port where mutated zombie was connected automatically shutdown via port security violation mode. SIEM alert suppression rule applied to prevent alert storm from continued blocked traffic. War Room confirms perimeter camera and guard comms restored within 3 minutes of containment action.

Long-term: Null route applied to identified zombie IP subnet ranges at ASA. Port security violation logs exported for forensic review.
Owner: SOC Tier 2 + Network Engineer
4
Phase 4 · Eradication
Root Cause Removal & Policy Hardening
Root cause confirmed: perimeter ACL lacked explicit ICMP deny rule — default policy was implicitly permissive for ICMP until rate limit triggered. Remediation applied: explicit deny icmp any any added as first ACL entry on perimeter interface. Additional mitigation: ICMP echo-request fully disabled inbound on ASA perimeter interface for production; only echo-reply permitted for outbound diagnostic purposes. VLAN 70 rate limit reduced from 500 pps to 100 pps. All zombie source IPs added to threat intelligence blacklist.
Owner: Network Engineer
5
Phase 5 · Recovery
Service Restoration & Verification
VLAN 70 switch port re-enabled after port security sticky MAC cleared and new MAC learned. Perimeter camera feeds and guard patrol communications verified fully operational. ASA firewall log reviewed — no zombie traffic bypassing new deny rule. IDS/IPS confirmed no residual flood traffic. SIEM event cleared; incident status updated to "Contained." All affected VLAN 70 devices confirmed healthy via ping sweep from War Room management VLAN 99. Recovery time from containment action to full restoration: 8 minutes.
Owner: SOC Tier 1 + Network Engineer
6
Phase 6 · Post-Incident Activity
After Action Review & Documentation
Post-incident review conducted within 24 hours. Incident timeline documented in SIEM. Risk register updated (NHC-R-001 through NHC-R-005 residual risk ratings confirmed post-remediation). ACL change logged in change management system. Lessons learned (see below) reviewed by War Room Commander, Network Engineer, and SOC Lead. IRP updated to include automated ICMP flood block as standard playbook step. Training note created: all SOC analysts briefed on MAC rotation evasion detection.
Owner: War Room Commander + SOC Lead

Security Controls Assessment

Controls Triggered & Evaluated

Preventive · Network
ASA 5505 Perimeter Firewall
Rate limiting and ACL rule enforcement at the city perimeter. Explicit deny ICMP rule added post-detection to drop all inbound flood traffic.
Active · Remediated
Detective · Network
IDS / IPS Engine
ICMP flood signature rule triggered at 500 pps threshold. Alert fired within 90 seconds of flood onset. IPS automatically blocked subsequent packets after threshold exceeded.
Active · Effective
Preventive · Switch
Port Security — Sticky MAC
Max 1 MAC per port on VLAN 70 switch. Violation mode: shutdown. Triggered when mutated zombie rotated MAC address — port automatically disabled within seconds of second unique MAC detected.
Active · Effective
Detective · SIEM
Splunk SIEM — MAC Change Alert
Custom correlation rule detects >2 unique MAC addresses on a single switch port within 60 seconds. Alert generated and escalated to SOC Tier 2 for mutated zombie identification.
Active · Effective
Preventive · Network
VLAN Segmentation
Flood contained entirely to VLAN 70. War Room (VLAN 10), Armory (VLAN 20), and all critical infrastructure VLANs unaffected. VLAN isolation proved effective perimeter containment.
Active · Effective
Corrective · Process
Automated Block Playbook
Post-incident: SIEM playbook updated to auto-trigger null-route on flood source IPs after IDS alert. Reduces manual intervention time and eliminates detection-to-containment gap.
Implemented Post-Incident

Framework Mapping

NIST CSF 2.0 Coverage — This Scenario

Govern
Incident response policy defined
Risk tolerance: perimeter disruption = HIGH priority
Asset inventory maintained in VLAN 99
Identify
VLAN 70 assets catalogued
Perimeter camera & comms identified as critical assets
ACL gap identified as vulnerability (NHC-R-004)
Protect
Port security sticky MAC enforced
Firewall ACL updated post-incident
VLAN isolation prevents lateral spread
Detect
IDS/IPS ICMP flood rule triggered
SIEM MAC-change correlation alert
SIEM event: PERIMETER_ICMP_FLOOD_001
Respond & Recover
ASA deny rule applied within 5 min
Port shutdown — mutated zombie
Post-incident review completed
IRP updated with auto-block playbook

Post-Incident Review

Lessons Learned

  • 1
    Explicit over implicit ACL policy is non-negotiable. The root cause of initial perimeter impact was the absence of an explicit ICMP deny rule — the firewall relied on rate limiting rather than outright denial. In a zero-trust perimeter model, all inbound traffic not explicitly permitted must be denied. Lesson applied: ACL updated; policy documentation updated to require explicit deny as a mandatory ACL element for all perimeter interfaces.
  • 2
    MAC rotation is a real evasion technique — port security alone is insufficient without SIEM correlation. The mutated zombie's MAC address rotation was identified only because SIEM had a custom correlation rule. Without that rule, port security would have shutdown the port, the device would have reconnected with a new MAC, and the cycle would repeat. The combination of port security + SIEM MAC-change detection is the correct defense-in-depth approach.
  • 3
    Alert fatigue is a second-order threat during volumetric attacks. The flood generated hundreds of IDS alerts within minutes. Without suppression rules, SOC analysts would have been overwhelmed. Post-incident: flood auto-block playbook was added so the SIEM auto-suppresses duplicate alerts after the block rule is applied, preserving analyst bandwidth for detecting secondary attacks that may exploit the distraction window.
  • 4
    VLAN segmentation is the most effective large-scale containment control in this environment. The flood was catastrophically effective against VLAN 70 — perimeter cameras and guard comms degraded. Yet it had zero impact on VLAN 10 (War Room), VLAN 20 (Armory), or any other segment. VLAN isolation did exactly what it was designed to do. This scenario validates the segmentation architecture and demonstrates the importance of enforcing strict inter-VLAN ACLs at the core switch.
  • 5
    Detection-to-containment SLA must be enforced and measured. The IRP specified a 2-minute detection target and 5-minute containment target. This incident achieved: detection at ~90 seconds, containment at ~4 minutes. SLA met — but only because the automated IDS alert fired quickly. Without that, manual detection would have taken 5-8 minutes. Future improvement: add automated IPS block for ICMP flood as the first response, removing the manual step entirely from the critical path.

Scenario Outcome · Official Determination

Zombie Horde — Neutralized. City Perimeter Secured.

All 10+ zombie flood sources blocked at the ASA 5505 perimeter firewall. The mutated MAC-rotating variant successfully identified via SIEM correlation and disabled via port security shutdown. VLAN 70 perimeter communications and camera feeds restored to full operation within 8 minutes of containment actions. No internal VLANs breached. War Room situational awareness maintained throughout via management VLAN 99 isolation. Risk register updated and IRP hardened with automated playbook for future flood events. New Hope City perimeter defense validated — the horde did not get in.

← Back to All Scenarios Scenario 02 — Bad Guys Base →

New Hope City · Scenario 01 · Zombie Horde · Back to Hub

Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF 2.0 · GRC Documentation · Charlene LueQuee · 2025

New Hope City
← All Scenarios Lab Portfolio
Scenario 02 · New Hope City

Bad Guys
Base

The Raider Camp has found your network. Brute force at the gate. Port scans in the dark. A VLAN hopping trick that almost works. Almost.

Brute Force Port Scanning VLAN Hopping ACL Defense DTP Disabled
Read Scenario ↓ ← S1: Zombie Horde S3: The Shadow →

Intelligence Brief

Threat Actor Profile

Threat Actor
The Raider Camp — organized external faction operating from a hardened compound approximately 4 km outside New Hope City's perimeter.
Threat Classification
High — External Adversary
Motivation
Supply acquisition — Raiders target the Warehouse (VLAN 50) for food, medicine, and equipment. Secondary objective: disruption of city operations to weaken resistance capacity.
Capability Level
Intermediate. Raiders possess a network-capable device and basic hacking tools (port scanners, brute-force utilities). Not a sophisticated APT — but persistent and resourceful.
Network Position
External — connected via simulated internet link outside the ASA firewall perimeter. Represents a Raider Camp network cluster in Packet Tracer (separate topology segment).
Primary Target
Warehouse VLAN 50 (10.50.50.0/24) — supply tracking server. Secondary: Armory VLAN 20 inventory database for weapon locations and counts.
Attack Summary
Raiders launch a three-phase external attack: (1) brute-force the ASA firewall admin interface, (2) conduct port scanning to identify open services, (3) attempt VLAN hopping via double-tagging to pivot from the simulated DMZ into internal VLANs. Each phase is blocked by layered controls. Bonus escalation: DTP-based switch negotiation probed — DTP disabled city-wide, attack fails.

Attack Sequence

How the Attack Unfolds

Phase 1 · Reconnaissance
Target Identification & Passive Scanning
Raiders identify the city's public-facing IP address by intercepting an outbound packet during a supply run communication. Using a basic network scanner, they map the open surface — looking for exposed ports on the ASA firewall's outside interface. In Packet Tracer Simulation Mode, this appears as ICMP probe packets fired at the perimeter from the Raider Camp subnet.
Phase 2 · Credential Attack
Firewall Brute Force — Admin Console
Raiders attempt to brute-force the ASA firewall SSH management interface using a dictionary of common credentials (admin/admin, cisco/cisco, enable/password). In the Packet Tracer simulation: place a Raider PC and use the CLI to ssh -l admin [ASA-outside-IP] repeatedly. The ASA's login retry lockout policy triggers after 3 failed attempts — connection dropped, source IP logged to SIEM.
Phase 3 · Exploitation Attempt
Port Probing — Open Service Discovery
With brute force blocked, Raiders pivot to port scanning — probing common service ports (22/SSH, 80/HTTP, 443/HTTPS, 23/Telnet, 8080) looking for any accessible service. The ASA's ACL drops all inbound traffic not explicitly permitted. Every probe attempt generates a %ASA-4-106023: Deny syslog event forwarded to the War Room SIEM. Telnet port 23 is confirmed closed — the city disabled it city-wide.
Phase 4 · Privilege Escalation Attempt
VLAN Hopping — Double-Tag Attack
Raiders attempt a VLAN hopping attack using double 802.1Q encapsulation. By sending a frame tagged with the native VLAN first, then an inner tag for VLAN 50 (Warehouse), they hope the switch will strip the outer tag and forward the inner frame into the target VLAN. Defense: native VLAN changed from default VLAN 1, DTP disabled on all access ports (switchport nonegotiate), and unused ports shut down. The attack produces no forwarded frames — only a logged violation.
Phase 5 · Bonus Escalation
DTP Negotiation Probe
Final gambit: Raiders send Dynamic Trunking Protocol negotiation frames to an access port, attempting to convince the switch to negotiate a trunk link — which would give them access to all VLANs. Because switchport mode access and switchport nonegotiate are set on every access port, the switch ignores the DTP frame entirely. Port security violation counter increments — War Room is alerted.

Visual Documentation

Scenario Topology

🗺️
Attack Path Diagram — Raider Camp → ASA → Internal VLANs
Export from Packet Tracer · Show Raider Camp cluster, ASA deny points, VLAN boundaries, and blocked traffic flows
📊
SIEM Log View — ACL Deny Events & Firewall Alerts
Screenshot of SIEM console · %ASA-4-106023 deny events · brute force lockout log · port security violation counters

Technical Controls

Defensive Configuration

ASA Firewall — Inbound ACL (Outside Interface)
! === New Hope City — ASA 5505 Outside Interface ACL ===
! Block ALL inbound — permit only established return traffic

access-list OUTSIDE_IN extended deny ip any any log
access-list OUTSIDE_IN extended permit tcp any any established

access-group OUTSIDE_IN in interface outside

! Explicit deny with logging — every probe hits this and logs to SIEM
logging enable
logging host inside 10.10.10.100  ! War Room SIEM IP
logging trap informational
      
ASA Firewall — SSH Brute Force Lockout Policy
! Limit SSH login attempts — lock after 3 failures
ssh timeout 5
aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL
username nhc-admin password [REDACTED] privilege 15

! Only allow SSH from management VLAN — not from outside
ssh 10.99.99.0 255.255.255.0 inside
no ssh 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside

! Disable Telnet entirely
no telnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside
      
Core Switch — VLAN Hopping Prevention (All Access Ports)
! === Applied to every access-mode port city-wide ===

interface range FastEthernet0/1 - 24
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate             ! Disables DTP — kills trunking negotiation attacks
 switchport port-security maximum 1  ! One device per port
 switchport port-security violation shutdown
 spanning-tree portfast
 spanning-tree bpduguard enable

! Change native VLAN from default VLAN 1 to unused VLAN 999
interface GigabitEthernet0/1        ! Trunk to building switches
 switchport trunk native vlan 999
 switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30,40,50,60,70,99

! Shutdown all unused ports
interface range FastEthernet0/20 - 24
 shutdown
      
Core Switch — Inter-VLAN ACL (Block Raider Pivot to Warehouse)
! Even if VLAN hopping succeeded — ACL stops lateral movement
! Block all external/unknown subnets from reaching VLAN 50

ip access-list extended PROTECT_WAREHOUSE
 deny   ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 10.50.50.0 0.0.0.255 log
 permit ip any any

interface Vlan50
 ip access-group PROTECT_WAREHOUSE in
      

GRC Documentation

Risk Register — Scenario 2

Risk ID Risk Description Attack Vector Likelihood Impact Inherent Risk Control Residual Risk NIST CSF
S2-R001 Unauthorized access via compromised firewall credentials External brute-force SSH on ASA outside interface High Critical Critical SSH restricted to MGMT VLAN only; login lockout after 3 attempts; strong credential policy enforced Low PR.AC-3
S2-R002 Service exposure via open/unfiltered ports on perimeter Port scanning from external Raider network High High High ASA deny-all inbound ACL; only explicitly permitted return traffic allowed; all probe events logged to SIEM Low PR.AC-5
S2-R003 VLAN hopping via double-tag 802.1Q encapsulation Double-tagged frame from external network exploiting native VLAN 1 default Medium High High Native VLAN changed to 999; DTP disabled on all access ports (switchport nonegotiate); trunk ports use explicit VLAN allowlists Low PR.AC-5
S2-R004 Unauthorized trunk negotiation via DTP exploitation DTP frames sent to access port to negotiate trunk link Medium High High All access ports set switchport mode access + switchport nonegotiate; port security enabled; violations trigger shutdown and SIEM alert Low PR.PT-4
S2-R005 Lateral movement to Warehouse supply data after VLAN pivot Post-VLAN-hop access to VLAN 50 supply tracking server Medium Critical High Inter-VLAN ACL on VLAN 50 SVI blocks all traffic from non-authorized VLANs; SIEM monitors cross-VLAN traffic anomalies Low PR.AC-4
S2-R006 Delayed detection of sustained port scanning campaign Low-rate port scan designed to evade threshold-based detection Medium Medium Medium SIEM log aggregation captures all ASA deny events; War Room reviews logs daily; IDS/IPS rate-limiting trigger regardless of scan speed Medium DE.AE-3
S2-R007 Telnet credentials intercepted in plaintext Passive network eavesdropping on management traffic Low High Medium Telnet disabled city-wide; all management via SSH with strong keys; management traffic restricted to VLAN 99 only Low PR.DS-2

GRC Documentation

Incident Response Plan — External Attack

01
Phase One
Identification — Detect the Attack
⌄
  • SIEM alert fires: %ASA-4-106023: Deny tcp src outside: [RAIDER-IP] dst inside: [ASA-IP]/22 — repeated within 60 seconds triggers brute-force threshold alert.
  • War Room operator reviews: Confirm source IP is external and not an authorized admin session. Cross-reference against approved SSH source list in VLAN 99 policy doc.
  • Port scan detection: Multiple sequential %ASA-4-106023 events across multiple destination ports from same source IP — classified as port scan in progress.
  • Escalate: War Room security lead notified. Incident ticket opened. Time-stamp recorded as T+0 (incident start).
  • Preserve evidence: All SIEM logs exported to the VLAN 99 File Server for forensic retention before any remediation steps.
Trigger condition: ≥3 failed SSH attempts from same external IP within 60 seconds, OR ≥10 ASA deny events across ≥5 different ports from same source within 5 minutes.
02
Phase Two
Containment — Stop the Bleeding
⌄
  • Null-route the Raider IP: Add a ip route [RAIDER-IP] 255.255.255.255 Null0 on the edge router — all traffic from that IP silently dropped at the routing layer before reaching the ASA.
  • Tighten firewall ACL: Temporarily add an explicit deny for the Raider subnet with log to catch any attempts from adjacent IPs in the same range.
  • Verify VLAN integrity: Confirm no unauthorized trunk ports have been established. Run show interfaces trunk — only approved uplinks should appear.
  • Port security audit: Run show port-security on all building switches. Any port in err-disabled state is investigated before re-enabling.
  • Isolate if breached: If any VLAN 50 traffic anomaly is detected, isolate Warehouse switch from core by temporarily removing VLAN 50 from trunk allowlist.
Containment goal: Block Raider IP at routing layer within T+15 minutes of identification. Zero tolerance for active scan traffic reaching internal hosts.
03
Phase Three
Eradication — Remove the Threat
⌄
  • Confirm no persistence: Check all running configs on the ASA and core switch for any unexpected changes to ACLs, user accounts, or routing entries that may have been injected.
  • Credential rotation: If SSH was exposed (even unsuccessfully), rotate all admin credentials on ASA and management devices as a precautionary measure.
  • Patch management check: Verify ASA firmware version and known CVEs. If the brute-force targeted a known vulnerability, escalate to patching sprint.
  • DTP audit: Run show dtp interface [int] on all access ports to confirm DTP is fully disabled. Re-apply switchport nonegotiate where any deviation is found.
  • Document findings: Record attacker TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, Procedures) in the incident ticket. Map to MITRE ATT&CK framework entries for future threat intelligence.
Eradication SLA: All residual threat artifacts removed within T+4 hours of containment. Configs verified clean before incident declared eradicated.
04
Phase Four
Recovery — Restore Normal Operations
⌄
  • Re-enable any isolated segments: If VLAN 50 was isolated during containment, restore trunk allowlist only after confirming clean sweep. Test connectivity from Warehouse PC before declaring restore complete.
  • Validate all ACLs: Run test traffic through Packet Tracer Simulation Mode — confirm Raider subnet traffic still denied, internal VLAN-to-VLAN traffic behaves per policy.
  • SIEM baseline reset: Clear alert queue after confirming attack is over. Set new baseline. Maintain elevated monitoring for 48 hours post-incident.
  • Notify stakeholders: War Room commander notified of incident closure. Supply chain team (VLAN 50) briefed that threat is resolved. No sensitive data was accessed.
  • Update threat intelligence: Add Raider IP range to permanent blocklist. Share indicator of compromise with perimeter camera team (VLAN 70) for physical surveillance correlation.
Recovery SLA: Full operations restored within T+8 hours of eradication. No data loss confirmed. All systems validated before removal from incident watch.
05
Phase Five
Lessons Learned — Post-Incident Review
⌄
  • After-Action Report (AAR): Document full timeline from first SIEM alert through recovery. Note what worked, what was slow, and any gaps in detection or response.
  • Detection gap analysis: The low-rate port scan (Risk S2-R006) had medium residual risk. Evaluate whether IDS signature tuning can lower this to Low.
  • Access control review: Verify that VLAN 50 inter-VLAN ACL is correctly positioned and that the Armory (VLAN 20) also has equivalent protection reviewed.
  • Policy update: If Telnet was found enabled on any device during eradication, update the Acceptable Use Policy to formally prohibit it and schedule a sweep.
  • Tabletop exercise: Schedule next Raider scenario playthrough in 30 days to validate control improvements are effective under simulated conditions.
Review deadline: AAR submitted to War Room commander within 72 hours of incident closure. Control improvement tasks tracked in VLAN 99 GRC documentation system.

Framework Alignment

NIST CSF Mapping

Identify
ID.AM · ID.RA
Asset inventory of all exposed services. Risk assessment identifying the ASA outside interface and Warehouse VLAN 50 as high-value targets requiring enhanced controls.
Protect
PR.AC-3 · PR.AC-4 · PR.AC-5 · PR.PT-4
SSH lockout policy, inter-VLAN ACLs, DTP disabled, native VLAN hardening, port security, and trunk allowlisting prevent unauthorized access and lateral movement.
Detect
DE.AE-3 · DE.CM-1
SIEM aggregates all ASA deny events and port security violations. Brute-force threshold alerting fires at 3 failed SSH attempts. Continuous log monitoring by War Room operator.
Respond
RS.RP-1 · RS.AN-1 · RS.MI-1
IRP executed: null-route containment, config audit, credential rotation, stakeholder notification, and forensic evidence preservation per documented response plan.
Recover
RC.RP-1 · RC.CO-1
VLAN segments restored after clean sweep. SIEM baselined. 48-hour elevated monitoring window. After-Action Report submitted within 72 hours. Lessons applied to control framework.

Scenario Result

Outcome Summary

What the Raiders Tried

  • Brute-forced ASA SSH admin interface with common credentials
  • Port-scanned perimeter for any exposed services
  • Attempted double-tag VLAN hopping to reach VLAN 50
  • Sent DTP negotiation frames to convert access port to trunk
  • Targeted Warehouse supply data for raid intelligence

What the City's Defenses Did

  • SSH restricted to VLAN 99 only — outside brute force blocked at ASA
  • Deny-all inbound ACL — every port probe dropped and logged
  • Native VLAN 999 + DTP disabled — VLAN hopping produced zero forwarded frames
  • Port security violation triggered shutdown and SIEM alert
  • Raider IP null-routed within 15 minutes of first SIEM alert
  • Zero data exfiltration — Warehouse supply data fully protected
‹ S1: Zombie Horde ↑ All Scenarios S3: The Shadow Within ›

Scenario 2 — Bad Guys Base · New Hope City · Lab Portfolio

GRC Documentation · Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF Mapped · 2025

New Hope City
← All Scenarios Lab Portfolio
Scenario 03 · New Hope City

The Shadow
Within

The threat didn't come from outside the wall. It came from inside. A Warehouse worker. A compromised device. A slow walk toward the War Room.

Lateral Movement Privilege Escalation SIEM Detection Least Privilege RADIUS Auth
Read Scenario ↓ ← S2: Bad Guys Base S4: Nation State →

Intelligence Brief

Threat Actor Profile

Warehouse Worker — Logistics Station 3

VLAN 50 · Authorized User · Compromised Endpoint

A legitimate Warehouse employee whose workstation (IP 10.50.50.23) has been compromised — either by social engineering, a malicious USB device, or a phishing link smuggled in with a supply delivery. The attacker now controls this endpoint from within an authorized VLAN, with a valid authenticated session on the network.

Compromised Endpoint Authorized VLAN Access Valid RADIUS Session Insider Knowledge Low Initial Suspicion
Threat Classification
Critical — Insider Threat
Why This Is the Most Dangerous Scenario
Insider threats bypass perimeter defenses entirely. The firewall, IDS, and perimeter ACLs are designed for external attackers. This threat is already inside, wearing a valid badge.
Primary Objective
Reach War Room VLAN 10 (10.10.10.0/24) — specifically the SIEM server and command terminals. Knowledge of War Room operations would give a hostile faction a critical intelligence advantage.
Secondary Objective
Elevate privileges on the RADIUS authentication server (VLAN 99 — 10.99.99.50) to obtain admin credentials and create a persistent backdoor account for future access.
Attack Summary
The compromised Warehouse endpoint initiates a cross-VLAN connection attempt toward VLAN 10 — blocked by inter-VLAN ACL, logged to SIEM. The attacker then pivots and attempts to authenticate to the RADIUS server with elevated privilege requests. Least Privilege architecture limits the Warehouse user role to supply-log access only — RADIUS denies the escalation. The SIEM fires a high-priority alert. War Room identifies the source IP, verifies the compromise, locks the RADIUS account, and isolates the Warehouse endpoint from the core switch.

Attack Sequence

How the Attack Unfolds

Phase 1 · Initial Compromise
Endpoint Taken — Warehouse Station 3
Warehouse worker PC (10.50.50.23) is compromised. The attacker now has shell access to a machine with a valid network session authenticated via RADIUS with the warehouse-user role. From here, the network looks different than from outside: same physical cables, same switch, same VLAN — but you're already past the perimeter.
IN PACKET TRACER: Place a second PC in VLAN 50 labeled "Compromised-WH3" — this represents the attacker's controlled endpoint. Use it to initiate all subsequent traffic.
Phase 2 · Reconnaissance
Internal Network Mapping from VLAN 50
The attacker pings across VLAN boundaries to map what's reachable. A ping to 10.10.10.1 (War Room gateway) times out — the inter-VLAN ACL drops it and logs the attempt. A ping to 10.99.99.50 (RADIUS server) also fails. The attacker can see other VLAN 50 devices but nothing beyond. In Packet Tracer Simulation Mode, you can watch the ICMP packets hit the VLAN 10 SVI interface and get dropped by the ACL.
SIEM EVENT: %ACL-6-IPACCESSLOGP: list PROTECT_WARROOM denied icmp 10.50.50.23 → 10.10.10.1 — 1 packet
Phase 3 · Lateral Movement Attempt
Cross-VLAN Connection to War Room — Blocked
The attacker attempts a TCP connection from the compromised endpoint directly to the War Room SIEM server (10.10.10.100:443). The inter-VLAN extended ACL on the VLAN 10 SVI — which denies all traffic from 10.50.50.0/24 — drops the packet before it reaches any War Room device. A deny log entry is generated for each attempt. Three attempts in 30 seconds trip the SIEM's brute-access threshold.
SIEM EVENT: HIGH ALERT — PROTECT_WARROOM denied tcp 10.50.50.23:49821 → 10.10.10.100:443 — 3 packets in 30s — THRESHOLD BREACHED
Phase 4 · Privilege Escalation Attempt
RADIUS Server Targeted — Role Escalation Bid
Unable to reach the War Room directly, the attacker pivots to the RADIUS server on VLAN 99. They attempt to authenticate with the existing warehouse-user credentials but request a higher privilege attribute — attempting to re-authenticate as privilege 15 (full admin). RADIUS evaluates the request against the role policy: warehouse-user is hard-mapped to privilege 1 with supply-log access only. The escalation request is rejected. The failed privilege-change attempt is logged as a RADIUS authentication anomaly.
RADIUS LOG: Access-Reject — User: warehouse-user — Attempted privilege: 15 — Assigned privilege: 1 — Escalation denied — Event forwarded to SIEM
Phase 5 · Detection & Response
War Room Identifies, Locks Account, Isolates Endpoint
The SIEM correlation rule fires: same source IP generated a cross-VLAN deny event AND a RADIUS escalation failure within 5 minutes — high-confidence insider threat indicator. War Room operator identifies 10.50.50.23 as Warehouse Station 3. The RADIUS account is suspended. On the core switch, the port connected to Station 3 is manually shut down (interface shutdown). Physical security is dispatched to the Warehouse. The compromised device is seized for forensic analysis.

Zero Trust Architecture

Least Privilege Access Matrix

This matrix defines exactly what each role can access. The Warehouse Worker role is highlighted — demonstrating why the attacker's privilege escalation attempt was structurally impossible.

Role / Zone War Room
VLAN 10
Armory
VLAN 20
Energy/Water
VLAN 30
Greenhouse
VLAN 40
Warehouse
VLAN 50
Residential
VLAN 60
Mgmt (VLAN 99)
RADIUS / SIEM
War Room Commander FULL FULL READ READ READ READ ADMIN
Armory Clerk DENY R/W DENY DENY READ DENY DENY
Energy Operator DENY DENY R/W DENY DENY DENY DENY
Greenhouse Manager DENY DENY DENY R/W DENY DENY DENY
⚠ Warehouse Worker ← ATTACKER DENY DENY DENY DENY LOG ONLY DENY DENY
Residential Survivor DENY DENY DENY READ DENY HOME DENY

Why Least Privilege Stopped This Attack

The Warehouse Worker role has exactly one permission: write access to the supply log on VLAN 50. It cannot query other VLANs, cannot authenticate to the RADIUS server at a higher privilege tier, and cannot reach the War Room — not because of a single firewall rule, but because every layer of the architecture assumes the role will never need those resources. Zero Trust means that even if the attacker obtains a valid credential, the credential itself is scoped so narrowly that it provides almost no attack surface.

Visual Documentation

Scenario Topology

🗺️
Lateral Movement Path Diagram — VLAN 50 → VLAN 10 Attempt
Export from Packet Tracer · Show Compromised-WH3, blocked inter-VLAN ACL at Core Switch SVI, RADIUS server on VLAN 99, and War Room isolation
📊
SIEM Correlation View — Insider Threat Alert Fired
Screenshot of SIEM console · ACL deny events + RADIUS escalation failure correlation · Account lockout action log

Technical Controls

Defensive Configuration

Core Switch — Inter-VLAN ACL: Block Warehouse → War Room
! === Protect War Room from all unauthorized VLANs ===
! Applied inbound on VLAN 10 SVI (packets arriving destined for War Room)

ip access-list extended PROTECT_WARROOM
 deny   ip 10.50.50.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 log  ! Warehouse → War Room DENY
 deny   ip 10.40.40.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 log  ! Greenhouse → War Room DENY
 deny   ip 10.60.60.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 log  ! Residential → War Room DENY
 permit ip 10.99.99.0 0.0.0.255 any                            ! MGMT VLAN permitted
 permit ip 10.20.20.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255       ! Armory permitted (approved)

interface Vlan10
 ip access-group PROTECT_WARROOM in
      
RADIUS Server — Role-Based Privilege Mapping (AAA Policy)
! === AAA Configuration on Core Router / L3 Switch ===
aaa new-model
aaa authentication login default group radius local
aaa authorization exec default group radius local

radius-server host 10.99.99.50 key [REDACTED]

! RADIUS server assigns privilege level per role:
!   war-room-admin    → privilege 15 (full)
!   armory-clerk      → privilege 3  (limited)
!   warehouse-user    → privilege 1  (supply log only)
!   greenhouse-mgr    → privilege 1  (IoT read only)
! Privilege level is HARD-ASSIGNED server-side — client cannot override.
! Any authentication request containing a privilege mismatch = Access-Reject.
      
Core Switch — Emergency Port Isolation (Post-Detection)
! === Executed by War Room operator after SIEM alert confirmed ===
! Identifies the port connected to Warehouse Station 3 (10.50.50.23)

show arp | include 10.50.50.23        ! Resolves MAC address
show mac address-table | include [MAC]  ! Finds physical port

interface FastEthernet0/23             ! Port connected to WH-Station-3
 shutdown                               ! Isolates compromised endpoint immediately
 description COMPROMISED-ISOLATED-$(date)

! RADIUS account suspended — executed on RADIUS server console:
! Set user warehouse-user status=DISABLED pending security investigation
      
SIEM — Correlation Rule: Insider Threat Detection
! === SIEM Correlation Logic (pseudo-rule format) ===
! Fires when BOTH conditions occur from same source IP within 5 minutes:

RULE: INSIDER_THREAT_INDICATOR
  condition_1: ACL_DENY event from src_ip AND dst_vlan = 10 (War Room)
  condition_2: RADIUS_REJECT event from same src_ip (privilege escalation)
  time_window: 300 seconds
  threshold:   condition_1 count >= 3 OR condition_2 count >= 1
  action:     ALERT severity=CRITICAL → War Room console
              LOG all events to VLAN99:/forensics/$(incident_id)
              NOTIFY war-room-commander via IP Phone VLAN 10
      

GRC Documentation

Risk Register — Scenario 3

Risk ID Risk Description Attack Vector Likelihood Impact Inherent Risk Control Residual Risk NIST CSF
S3-R001 Unauthorized cross-VLAN access from compromised insider endpoint TCP connection from VLAN 50 toward VLAN 10 War Room High Critical Critical Inter-VLAN extended ACL on VLAN 10 SVI denies all traffic from VLAN 50; deny events logged to SIEM with threshold alerting Low PR.AC-4
S3-R002 Privilege escalation via RADIUS authentication manipulation Attacker requests higher privilege tier via existing credential session Medium Critical High RADIUS role hard-assigned server-side; privilege 1 for warehouse-user is non-negotiable; any mismatched request triggers Access-Reject and SIEM event Low PR.AC-3
S3-R003 Delayed detection of slow/low-frequency lateral movement attempts Attacker makes one attempt per hour to stay below alert thresholds Medium High High SIEM logs ALL ACL deny events regardless of frequency; War Room daily log review catches outliers; any cross-VLAN-10 attempt from VLAN 50 is treated as critical regardless of count Medium DE.AE-3
S3-R004 Endpoint compromise via physical media (USB / rogue device) Malicious USB device or unauthorized hardware introduced at Warehouse High Critical Critical Port security limits one device per switch port; USB policy covered in Acceptable Use Policy; physical security monitors Warehouse building entry (VLAN 70 cameras) Medium PR.AC-2
S3-R005 Account persistence after compromise (backdoor user creation) Attacker creates hidden admin account on RADIUS server before detection Low Critical High Warehouse-user role has no write access to RADIUS server or VLAN 99; account creation requires privilege 15; ACL blocks VLAN 50 from reaching VLAN 99 management network Low PR.AC-1
S3-R006 Data exfiltration of Warehouse supply inventory data Insider exports FIFO supply log before isolation Medium Medium Medium Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policy covers outbound file transfers; Warehouse server access-logged; all outbound traffic to perimeter blocked by ASA unless explicitly permitted Medium PR.DS-5
S3-R007 Forensic evidence loss due to delayed endpoint seizure Attacker wipes logs before physical security arrives Medium High High SIEM captures and stores all log events on VLAN 99 server — independent of endpoint state; port shutdown removes network access before local log manipulation is possible Low RS.AN-1

GRC Documentation

Incident Response Plan — Insider Threat

01
Phase One
Identification — SIEM Correlation Fires
⌄
  • SIEM INSIDER_THREAT_INDICATOR rule fires: Source IP 10.50.50.23 generated ACL deny events toward VLAN 10 AND a RADIUS Access-Reject (privilege escalation) within the 5-minute correlation window.
  • War Room operator validates the alert: Confirms 10.50.50.23 maps to Warehouse Station 3 (Logistics Worker credential). This is not an authorized admin — cross-VLAN traffic from this IP has no legitimate use case.
  • Check for additional IoCs: Query SIEM for any other anomalous events from 10.50.50.23 in the past 24 hours — unusual login times, port sweeps, large outbound transfers to perimeter.
  • Do NOT tip off the user yet: If the endpoint is actively controlled by an attacker, alerting the Warehouse floor too early could trigger evidence destruction. Containment happens first.
  • Incident ticket opened: Assign incident ID, record T+0 timestamp. Classify as P1 — Active Insider Threat. Escalate immediately to War Room commander.
Detection trigger: Dual-condition SIEM correlation rule (cross-VLAN ACL deny + RADIUS escalation failure from same source within 5 min). Single RADIUS escalation alone = P2 alert.
02
Phase Two
Containment — Isolate Before Evidence Is Lost
⌄
  • Network isolation first: War Room operator runs show arp to get MAC, then show mac address-table to find the physical switch port. Immediately: interface FastEthernet0/23 → shutdown. Station 3 loses all network access within 60 seconds of the decision.
  • RADIUS account suspension: War Room commander contacts VLAN 99 RADIUS admin to immediately disable the warehouse-user credential. All active sessions are terminated. New sessions with this credential are rejected.
  • Preserve SIEM logs: Export all events for source IP 10.50.50.23 to a timestamped forensic archive on the VLAN 99 file server. Lock the file — read-only for all except the incident owner.
  • Physical containment: Dispatch security to the Warehouse (do not announce publicly — tell the guard it's a "routine check"). Secure the physical workstation — do not power off (preserves volatile memory evidence).
  • Monitor for lateral movement: Run live SIEM query for any OTHER Warehouse endpoints showing similar behavior. Compromise may have spread laterally within VLAN 50.
Containment SLA: Network port shutdown within T+5 minutes of P1 escalation. RADIUS suspension within T+10 minutes. Physical device secured within T+30 minutes.
03
Phase Three
Eradication — Find the Root Cause & Clean Up
⌄
  • Forensic triage of the seized device: Memory dump first (volatile artifacts: running processes, open network connections, temp files). Then disk image. Identify the compromise vector — was it a malicious USB? A phishing-delivered payload? A rogue supply-run device plugged in briefly?
  • Audit all RADIUS accounts: Verify no backdoor accounts were created on the RADIUS server during the attack window. Check for any new entries added to the user database in the 48 hours prior to detection.
  • Sweep VLAN 50: Check all other Warehouse endpoints for anomalous network behavior or signs of compromise spreading. Inspect ARP tables for unexpected MAC associations.
  • Review all ACL logs for the past 7 days: Confirm this is the first incident from this source. Look for any low-frequency attempts (one per day, sub-threshold) that might indicate the attacker was patient and tested the environment before escalating.
  • Patch and harden: If the compromise vector was a USB device, implement USB port disabling policy on all Warehouse endpoints. If phishing, schedule an awareness briefing for the Warehouse floor team.
Eradication SLA: Root cause identified within T+24 hours. All affected systems confirmed clean before re-introduction to the network. RADIUS audit completed and signed off by War Room commander.
04
Phase Four
Recovery — Restore Warehouse Operations Safely
⌄
  • Reimage or replace Station 3: Do not reconnect the compromised device. Provision a clean replacement endpoint with a fresh OS image. Issue a new RADIUS credential under a new username with the same privilege-1 role.
  • Re-enable the switch port with monitoring: Bring the port back up with enhanced logging. Set SIEM to flag ANY cross-VLAN traffic from the new station's IP for 30 days post-recovery.
  • Validate supply chain continuity: Confirm the Warehouse FIFO supply log is intact and no inventory records were tampered with during the attack window.
  • Notify stakeholders: Warehouse supervisor informed of the incident (need-to-know basis). GRC lead notified for policy review. No city-wide announcement unless supply data was found to be compromised.
  • Adjust SIEM thresholds: Lower the cross-VLAN-10 alert threshold from 3 events to 1 event. Any single VLAN 50 → VLAN 10 attempt should generate an immediate alert — there is zero legitimate use case for this traffic.
Recovery SLA: Warehouse operations restored within T+48 hours using clean replacement hardware. All monitoring controls validated before closing the incident ticket.
05
Phase Five
Lessons Learned — Strengthen the Architecture
⌄
  • After-Action Report: Timeline from SIEM alert through recovery. Key finding: the dual-condition correlation rule worked — detection occurred within minutes of the escalation attempt. The 5-minute window was appropriate.
  • Risk S3-R003 re-assessment: Low-frequency lateral movement (one attempt per hour) retained a Medium residual risk. Decision: lower cross-VLAN-10 threshold to 1 event total — any attempt, regardless of frequency, is critical.
  • Physical security integration: Recommend correlating VLAN 70 camera activity at the Warehouse entrance with the network incident timestamp. If a visitor or delivery was present at T-2 hours, this may indicate the compromise vector.
  • User awareness training: Schedule mandatory security training for all Warehouse staff — focus on physical media risks, social engineering from supply-run contacts, and reporting suspicious requests.
  • Access control policy update: Document that VLAN 50 → VLAN 10 traffic is permanently prohibited with zero exceptions. Update the Access Control Policy in the VLAN 99 file server. Requires War Room commander sign-off.
Review deadline: AAR submitted within 72 hours of incident closure. Control improvements prioritized: threshold tuning (immediate), physical security review (1 week), user awareness training (2 weeks).

Framework Alignment

NIST CSF Mapping

Identify
ID.AM-1 · ID.RA-1
Asset mapping assigns every endpoint to its VLAN and role. Risk assessment flagged insider threat as highest-impact vector — driving Zero Trust and Least Privilege architecture decisions.
Protect
PR.AC-1 · PR.AC-3 · PR.AC-4 · PR.DS-5
RADIUS hard-enforces role-based privilege. Inter-VLAN ACLs prevent lateral movement. DLP controls limit outbound data exfiltration. Port security blocks unauthorized devices.
Detect
DE.AE-3 · DE.CM-7
SIEM dual-condition correlation rule detects insider behavior pattern. All ACL denies and RADIUS rejections are logged. War Room conducts daily log review regardless of active alerts.
Respond
RS.RP-1 · RS.AN-1 · RS.MI-2
IRP executed: swift network isolation, RADIUS suspension, forensic evidence preservation, physical device seizure, and stakeholder notification per documented response plan.
Recover
RC.RP-1 · RC.IM-1
Clean endpoint provisioned. Warehouse operations restored within SLA. SIEM threshold adjusted. Access control policy updated. AAR completed and filed to VLAN 99 GRC system.

Scenario Result

Outcome Summary

What the Insider Tried

  • Compromised a Warehouse endpoint with valid RADIUS session
  • Attempted cross-VLAN TCP connections to War Room (VLAN 10)
  • Pinged across VLAN boundaries to map internal topology
  • Tried to escalate privileges via RADIUS authentication request
  • Sought to read War Room SIEM data and command terminal access

What the City's Defenses Did

  • Inter-VLAN ACL denied every VLAN 50 → VLAN 10 packet and logged it
  • RADIUS rejected privilege escalation — role hard-capped at privilege 1
  • SIEM dual-condition rule fired within 5 minutes of escalation attempt
  • Switch port shut down within T+5 min — network access revoked
  • RADIUS account suspended — all session tokens invalidated
  • Zero War Room data accessed — zero SIEM records exfiltrated
‹ S2: Bad Guys Base ↑ All Scenarios S4: Nation State ›

Scenario 3 — The Shadow Within · New Hope City · Lab Portfolio

GRC Documentation · Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF Mapped · 2025

New Hope City
S-04 · Nation State APT ← All Scenarios
New Hope City · Scenario 04 · GRC Incident File

Nation
State APT

The most sophisticated threat. A nation-state actor launches a slow, persistent probe against Energy & Water (VLAN 30) and deploys a rogue evil-twin access point. OT air gap holds. WLAN monitoring detects the fake SSID. War Room null-routes the source.

APT / Slow Probe Evil Twin AP OT / ICS Defense WLAN Monitoring Null Route VLAN 30 — Energy & Water

Scenario Overview

Incident Classification & Context

Document ID
NHC-INC-004
Scenario
Nation State APT
Incident Type
APT · Evil Twin AP · OT Probe
Severity
CRITICAL
Primary Target
VLAN 30 — Energy & Water
Secondary Target
NHC-MESH Wireless Network
Outcome
Repelled — No Breach
NIST CSF Phase
Identify · Detect · Respond
Framework
NIST CSF 2.0
Detection Method
SIEM Time-Window Correlation
Response SLA
22 min — Rogue AP Removed
MITRE ATT&CK
T1595 · T0867 · T1498

Threat Actor Profile

Nation-state advanced persistent threat (APT) — highly resourced, patient, and technically sophisticated; operates outside the perimeter over extended periods without triggering volume-based alerts

Strategic disruption and intelligence collection — targeting Energy & Water (VLAN 30) to gain leverage over city survival infrastructure; radio communications interception for intelligence on city operations

Very High — slow, low-volume probe designed to evade IDS/IPS thresholds; rogue AP is a precision wireless attack requiring knowledge of city SSID; multi-vector, multi-phase campaign

1) Slow persistent port probe of Energy & Water VLAN 30 (OT/SCADA zone); 2) Rogue evil-twin access point broadcasting SSID "NHC-MESH" to intercept city wireless communications

External perimeter; no internal VLAN breach achieved due to OT air gap on VLAN 30 and WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS authentication preventing evil-twin association

T1595 — Active Scanning; T1583.002 — Compromise Infrastructure (AP); T0867 — Lateral Movement (ICS); T1498.002 — Reflection Amplification

APT Kill Chain

Attack Phase Timeline

Nation State APT — Observed Phase Sequence
RECONNAISSANCE
T - Days/Weeks
Passive intelligence gathering on New Hope City network structure, SSID broadcast, VLAN topology inference from perimeter traffic analysis. SSID "NHC-MESH" identified as target for evil-twin attack vector.
WEAPONIZE
T - Days
Rogue access point configured with SSID "NHC-MESH" — identical broadcast name, stronger signal than legitimate APs. Slow-probe port scanner configured for sub-threshold packet rates to evade IDS/IPS volume detection.
DELIVERY
T0
Rogue AP deployed outside perimeter, broadcasting within range of city patrol units. Slow port probe begins — targeting Energy & Water VLAN 30 at 10–20 packets/min to stay under IDS/IPS rate threshold. Probe sourced from external IP range not previously on threat intel blacklist.
EXPLOITATION
T + Hours
Probe maps open port structure on ASA perimeter interface facing VLAN 30. Attempts to reach OT/SCADA air-gap segment — all packets dropped by OT ACL. No lateral movement achieved. Evil-twin AP broadcasts — WPA2-Enterprise RADIUS pre-auth check prevents any city device from associating.
DETECTED
T + Hours
WLAN monitoring system detects rogue AP: duplicate SSID "NHC-MESH" on non-authorized BSSID. SIEM correlation rule fires: ROGUE_AP_EVIL_TWIN_001. Separately, SIEM slow-probe detection rule (cumulative port scan correlation over 4-hour window) identifies probe activity: SLOW_PROBE_VLAN30_001. Both incidents escalated to War Room Commander.
CONTAINED
T + Hours
War Room null-routes probe source IP at ASA. Physical sweep locates rogue AP device — removed from perimeter. OT air gap confirmed intact; no SCADA data exfiltrated. Source IP threat intelligence profile updated. Full incident documented.

Attack Topology

Network Flow Diagrams

🏴

Diagram — APT Slow Probe Attack Flow

Insert Packet Tracer topology screenshot. Show external APT node → ASA 5505 perimeter → attempted reach of VLAN 30 Energy & Water OT/SCADA air-gap segment. Annotate OT ACL block point, SIEM slow-probe correlation detection trigger, and War Room null-route action. Show zero penetration of OT air gap.

PLACEHOLDER · Export from Packet Tracer → Logical View
📡

Diagram — Evil Twin AP Detection & WLAN Architecture

Insert wireless topology diagram showing legitimate NHC-MESH access points vs. rogue evil-twin AP outside perimeter. Show WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS authentication flow blocking association to evil twin. Annotate WLAN monitoring detection event (duplicate SSID, unauthorized BSSID) and SIEM alert ROGUE_AP_EVIL_TWIN_001.

PLACEHOLDER · Export from Packet Tracer → Wireless Topology View
📊

Diagram — SIEM Slow Probe Correlation (4-Hour Window)

Insert SIEM screenshot showing the cumulative port-scan correlation rule firing. Contrast with standard IDS/IPS threshold rule (not triggered by slow probe). Demonstrate the time-window correlation capability that caught the APT activity that volume-based detection would have missed entirely.

PLACEHOLDER · Export from Splunk Correlation Rule View

Enterprise GRC · Risk Register

Identified Risks — Nation State APT

Risk ID Risk Description Affected Asset Threat Source Likelihood Impact Severity Current Controls Residual Risk Owner
NHC-R-016 Slow persistent probe of VLAN 30 OT/SCADA segment evades volume-based IDS/IPS detection; may map infrastructure before triggering alert VLAN 30 — Energy & Water OT/SCADA Nation-state APT actor (external) Medium Critical — SCADA compromise could shut down city power and water, threatening all survivor life functions CRITICAL OT air-gap ACL blocks all access; SIEM time-window correlation rule detects low-rate probe over 4-hour window; ASA null-route on detection LOW War Room Commander · OT Security Lead
NHC-R-017 Evil-twin AP with SSID "NHC-MESH" could intercept radio communications from patrol units if they associate to the rogue AP NHC-MESH Wireless Network; Patrol Unit Devices Nation-state APT (physical proximity rogue AP) Medium High — patrol comms interception could expose city patrol routes, headcount, and operational plans to adversary HIGH WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS — devices cannot associate without valid certificate; WLAN monitoring detects duplicate SSID on unauthorized BSSID LOW Wireless Engineer · War Room Commander
NHC-R-018 OT air-gap misconfiguration (e.g., ACL rule drift or a temporary maintenance bypass) could allow APT probe to reach SCADA systems during the engagement window VLAN 30 OT ACL; SCADA devices APT exploiting configuration gap during probe Low Critical — SCADA access could enable physical infrastructure sabotage CRITICAL OT ACL reviewed quarterly; maintenance windows require dual-approval; no ACL bypass permitted without War Room Commander sign-off MEDIUM Network Engineer · OT Security Lead
NHC-R-019 SIEM time-window correlation rule may not detect APT probes operating over periods longer than the 4-hour detection window SIEM detection capability; War Room SOC Ultra-low-rate APT probe variant Low High — undetected long-duration probe could complete full port mapping without triggering any alert HIGH Multiple time-window correlation rules: 4-hour, 24-hour, 7-day. Threat intel feed integration for known APT source IP ranges. ASA flow logging to SIEM for long-baseline analysis LOW SOC Lead · SIEM Engineer
NHC-R-020 Physical rogue AP deployment outside perimeter requires physical security response capability — SOC-only response is insufficient if no physical sweep team exists City physical perimeter; wireless security Nation-state actor with physical access to perimeter vicinity Medium Medium — rogue AP remains active until physically removed; sustained association attempts continue while device is present HIGH WLAN monitoring triggers rogue AP alert with estimated location data; physical sweep team protocol defined; alert response SLA: sweep within 30 min of detection LOW Physical Security Lead · SOC Lead
NHC-R-021 Multi-vector simultaneous attack (probe + evil twin) may split SOC analyst attention, creating a window where one vector is inadequately monitored SOC operational capacity; incident triage process APT deliberate multi-vector strategy Medium Medium — delayed response to either vector extends exposure window MEDIUM SIEM triage dashboard auto-groups related events; Tier 2 escalation for multi-vector incidents; War Room Commander briefed immediately; parallel response playbooks activated LOW SOC Lead · War Room Commander

Incident Response Plan · NHC-INC-004

Response Phases — Nation State APT

1
Phase 1 · Preparation
APT-Grade Hardening & Intelligence Readiness
OT air gap ACL on VLAN 30 configured to deny ALL inbound traffic from all other VLANs and the external perimeter — SCADA systems are completely isolated from the network by policy. SIEM time-window correlation rules configured at three intervals: 4-hour, 24-hour, 7-day — designed specifically to catch low-rate probes that evade volume-based IDS/IPS. WLAN monitoring configured to alert on any duplicate SSID on unauthorized BSSID. WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS enforced on all NHC-MESH access points — no PSK fallback permitted. Physical sweep team protocol established with 30-minute SLA. Threat intelligence feed integrated into SIEM for known APT IP ranges. War Room Commander briefed on APT scenario response requirements.
Owner: Network Engineer · OT Security Lead · SOC Lead · Wireless Engineer
2
Phase 2 · Detection & Analysis
Dual-Vector Detection — Slow Probe + Rogue AP
Vector 1 — Slow probe: SIEM 4-hour time-window correlation rule fires after cumulative port scan pattern detected targeting VLAN 30 at low packet rates. Alert: SLOW_PROBE_VLAN30_001. SOC Tier 1 reviews ASA flow logs — confirms systematic port enumeration against the VLAN 30 perimeter interface. No OT systems reached due to air-gap ACL. Source IP not on existing blacklist — new actor identified.

Vector 2 — Evil twin: WLAN monitoring alert: ROGUE_AP_EVIL_TWIN_001 — duplicate SSID "NHC-MESH" detected on unauthorized BSSID. Signal strength analysis indicates AP is positioned 50–100m outside city perimeter. No patrol unit has associated — WPA2-Enterprise RADIUS pre-auth blocks all association attempts. Both incidents correlated in SIEM as single multi-vector campaign. Severity: CRITICAL. War Room Commander notified immediately.
Owner: SOC Tier 1 → Tier 2 Escalation → War Room Commander Briefing
3
Phase 3 · Containment
Null Route + Physical Sweep + OT Verification
Network containment: War Room initiates trace-route analysis to confirm probe source IP. Null route applied at ASA: ip route [APT-IP] 255.255.255.255 Null0 — all probe traffic silently dropped. ASA logging confirmed: zero packets from source IP reaching VLAN 30 interface post-null-route. OT air-gap ACL reviewed and confirmed intact — no rule drift detected.

Wireless containment: WLAN monitoring system used to triangulate rogue AP location. Physical sweep team deployed — rogue AP device located and physically removed within 22 minutes of detection alert. WLAN monitoring confirmed duplicate SSID no longer present. All patrol devices verified as associated to legitimate NHC-MESH APs only.

OT verification: SCADA systems in VLAN 30 verified fully operational via OT out-of-band management console. Energy and water systems show no signs of interference or anomalous command injection.
Owner: War Room Commander · Network Engineer · Physical Security · Wireless Engineer
4
Phase 4 · Eradication
Source Nullification & Intelligence Integration
APT probe source IP permanently null-routed at ASA and added to SIEM threat intelligence feed with classification: "Nation-State APT — Confirmed." Subnet range associated with probe source added to perimeter block list. Rogue AP hardware seized and documented as forensic evidence — device profile logged: manufacturer, MAC address, firmware version, signal characteristics. OT ACL change freeze implemented for 30 days post-incident — no changes without dual-approval from Network Engineer and War Room Commander. WLAN monitoring rules tuned to include rogue AP signal signature pattern.
Owner: Network Engineer · SOC Lead · Physical Security
5
Phase 5 · Recovery
Full Operational Verification
VLAN 30 OT systems confirmed fully operational — energy generation and water treatment at normal parameters. NHC-MESH wireless network confirmed clean — all patrol devices verified on legitimate APs. ASA firewall log reviewed — no residual APT traffic. SIEM correlation rules confirmed active and monitoring. Physical perimeter sweep conducted — no additional rogue devices found within signal range. All city VLANs verified normal via War Room monitoring dashboard. Recovery status: full — no service degradation experienced by any city zone during the incident.
Owner: Network Engineer · OT Security Lead · Wireless Engineer
6
Phase 6 · Post-Incident Activity
APT After-Action Review & Threat Intelligence Update
Full APT incident report compiled — 12-page technical document including: kill chain timeline, probe packet analysis, rogue AP hardware profile, SIEM detection rule performance, OT defense validation summary. Incident briefed to all city zone leaders as awareness exercise — particular emphasis on wireless security hygiene (never connect to unverified SSIDs) and reporting of unusual radio signals. SIEM time-window rules reviewed — 7-day detection window added as additional layer. Physical security patrol frequency around wireless perimeter increased. Risk register updated: NHC-R-016 through NHC-R-021 residual ratings confirmed. Threat intel brief shared with New Hope City allied settlements (simulated inter-organizational information sharing).
Owner: War Room Commander · SOC Lead · All Zone Leaders

Security Controls Assessment

Controls Triggered & Evaluated

Preventive · OT / ICS
OT Air Gap — VLAN 30
Complete ACL-enforced isolation of Energy & Water OT/SCADA segment from all other VLANs and the external perimeter. The single most effective control in this scenario — APT probe reached the ASA perimeter interface but could not touch any OT device.
Active · Decisive
Detective · SIEM
Time-Window Slow Probe Correlation
SIEM custom rule aggregates low-rate port scan events over a 4-hour window. Specifically designed to catch APT-style probes that stay below standard IDS/IPS per-minute thresholds. Fired correctly — volume-based detection alone would have missed this entirely.
Active · Decisive
Detective · Wireless
WLAN Monitoring — Rogue AP Detection
Continuous monitoring for duplicate SSIDs on unauthorized BSSIDs. Alert fired within the detection window for ROGUE_AP_EVIL_TWIN_001. Provided approximate physical location for sweep team deployment. Evil-twin device removed within 22 minutes of alert.
Active · Effective
Preventive · Wireless
WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS Auth
Certificate-based wireless authentication prevents any device from associating to a rogue AP that lacks a valid server certificate. Zero city devices associated with the evil-twin AP throughout the engagement. PSK fallback is permanently disabled.
Active · Decisive
Corrective · Network
ASA Null Route
Trace-route analysis by War Room identified probe source IP. Null route applied at ASA — all subsequent traffic from APT source IP silently dropped. Confirmed in ASA logs. Source IP range added to SIEM threat intelligence feed for ongoing monitoring.
Applied During Response
Detective · SIEM
Multi-Vector Correlation
SIEM automatically correlated the slow-probe alert and rogue AP alert as a single multi-vector campaign based on timing proximity and target profile. Enabled War Room to respond to both vectors as a unified APT incident rather than two unrelated events, improving response speed and completeness.
Active · Effective

Framework Mapping

NIST CSF 2.0 Coverage — Scenario 04

Govern
APT-grade IRP defined
OT risk = Critical priority
Dual-approval OT ACL policy
Physical sweep SLA defined
Intel sharing protocol
Identify
OT/SCADA assets catalogued
OT as crown-jewel asset
Wireless attack surface mapped
Slow-probe risk → NHC-R-019
Multi-vector risk → NHC-R-021
Protect
OT air-gap ACL enforced
WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS
No PSK fallback on mesh
OT ACL change freeze post-incident
Detect
SIEM 4/24/168-hr probe rules
WLAN rogue AP detection
SLOW_PROBE_VLAN30_001
ROGUE_AP_EVIL_TWIN_001
Multi-vector correlation
Respond & Recover
Null route — APT source IP
Physical sweep — rogue AP removed
OT verified intact
Full APT incident report
Threat intel updated + shared

Post-Incident Review

Lessons Learned

  • 1
    Volume-based detection is ineffective against nation-state APT actors — time-window correlation is essential. The probe operated at 10–20 packets/minute, far below any standard IDS/IPS threshold. The SIEM 4-hour time-window correlation rule was the only reason it was detected. This incident validates the architecture choice to build slow-probe detection alongside standard volume-based rules. Every SOC should have both layers deployed.
  • 2
    The OT air gap is the most important single control in the city network. The APT actor's primary objective — reaching SCADA systems to disrupt power and water — was completely defeated by the OT ACL. Not by IDS, not by SIEM, not by the firewall — by the fundamental architecture decision to air-gap VLAN 30 from everything else. Defense-in-depth is the strategy, but air-gapping critical infrastructure is the cornerstone.
  • 3
    WPA2-Enterprise with RADIUS is the only acceptable wireless security for operational networks. The evil-twin AP attack was completely neutered by certificate-based authentication. A PSK-based wireless network would have been vulnerable — any device in range could have associated to the rogue AP. This scenario demonstrates why PSK is never acceptable on networks carrying operational communications, and why WPA2-Enterprise is a minimum standard for any network of consequence.
  • 4
    Multi-vector attacks require correlated incident management — treating them as separate events is a critical failure mode. The APT deployed probe and evil-twin simultaneously — a classic technique to split defender attention. The SIEM multi-vector correlation that grouped both events as a single campaign was the difference between a coherent response and a fragmented one. When SIEM alerts correlate, the response must also be unified under a single incident commander.
  • 5
    Physical security is a cybersecurity function — the rogue AP required a physical response. No amount of network controls could remove the evil-twin AP. WLAN monitoring provided detection and approximate location, but a human had to physically locate and remove the device. Physical sweep capability, with a defined response SLA, is a required component of any wireless security program. Cybersecurity and physical security cannot operate in separate silos.
  • 6
    Nation-state attribution changes the threat model — but not the immediate response. Confirming this was a nation-state actor is important for long-term strategic posture (threat intel, information sharing, escalation to higher command). But the immediate containment actions — null-route, physical sweep, OT verification — are identical regardless of actor sophistication. The IRP works. Attribution follows; containment is immediate.

Scenario Outcome · Official Determination

Nation State APT — Repelled. OT Infrastructure Intact.

The slow persistent probe of Energy & Water (VLAN 30) was detected by SIEM time-window correlation and neutralized via ASA null route. The rogue evil-twin access point was detected by WLAN monitoring, physically located, and removed within 22 minutes. WPA2-Enterprise + RADIUS authentication prevented any city device from associating to the evil-twin AP throughout the engagement. The OT air gap held — no SCADA systems were reached or compromised. All city zones remained fully operational. Energy generation and water treatment continued at normal parameters throughout the incident. A full 12-page APT incident report was compiled. Threat intelligence was updated and shared. New Hope City's most critical infrastructure survived contact with its most sophisticated adversary.

← Scenario 03 — The Shadow Within All Scenarios →

New Hope City · Scenario 04 · Nation State APT · Back to Hub

Cisco Packet Tracer · NIST CSF 2.0 · GRC Documentation · Charlene LueQuee · 2025

Charlene LueQuee Back to Portfolio

Instructional Design · Featured Work

Per Scholas Cybersecurity
Professional Development Plan

An 8-week, instructor-ready professional development curriculum built for adult learners entering the cybersecurity field — designed to be taught, handed off, and scaled across classes without losing structure or quality.

8
Week Program
6
Student Deliverables
4
Session Formats
100%
Instructor-Ready

What This Program Does

The Per Scholas Cybersecurity PD Plan is a complete, week-by-week instructional framework that takes students from zero professional presence to fully job-ready in 8 structured sessions. Every week has a clear objective, timed activities, teacher notes, and student deliverables that connect directly to real employment outcomes.

It is designed so any instructor can pick it up, follow it, and deliver a consistent, high-quality experience — whether it is their first class or their tenth.

What Students Walk Away With

📄
ATS-Optimized Resume
Rewritten with AI tools, tailored to cybersecurity roles
✉️
Cover Letter
Personalized and role-specific, reviewed 1:1
💼
Active LinkedIn Profile
Optimized headline, About section, and post strategy
🐙
GitHub Portfolio
Live, styled, AI-generated portfolio page
🎤
Elevator Pitch
Drafted, practiced, recorded, and submitted
🧠
Interview Readiness
Behavioral + technical prep with mock practice

How It Benefits the Program

Consistent outcomes across instructors. Any teacher can run this curriculum and deliver the same experience — the structure, timing, and teacher notes remove guesswork and ensure quality does not depend on a single person.

Employment outcomes that reflect on the school. Students graduate with six complete, employer-ready deliverables — more placements, stronger alumni outcomes, and a measurable return on the program investment.

Built-in flexibility without losing structure. The curriculum accommodates different class schedules, instructor teaching styles, and student experience levels without requiring the teacher to rebuild anything from scratch.

Scales without rework. Designed to be reused across classes with minor updates — new class, same strong program. Setup takes minutes, not weeks.

Ready to See It In Full

View the Complete PD Plan

Week-by-week curriculum, teacher guides, timing breakdowns, student deliverables, tool setup instructions, and built-in resources — all in one document.

Open Full PD Plan

Opens in a new tab · Interactive HTML document

Want to see the instructional design strategy behind this curriculum?

View ID Portfolio Breakdown
Per Scholas Career Readiness Curriculum ← Back to Project Skills Summary ADDIE Outcomes Curriculum Map Assessment Deliverables
Instructional Design Portfolio

Per Scholas Cybersecurity
Career Readiness Curriculum

An 8-week supplemental professional development curriculum I designed to help Per Scholas cybersecurity students organize, deepen, and extend their career readiness journey — inspired by what I observed and experienced as a student in the program.

8 WeeksDuration BlendedDelivery Format Adult LearnersTarget Audience ADDIE + LXDDesign Framework CybersecurityProgram Track
📋 View the Live Project Per Scholas Professional Development Planning Tool →
Portfolio Highlight

Skills Demonstrated in This Project

📐
Curriculum Development 8-week scaffolded progression
🔄
Instructional Design (ADDIE) Full ADDIE lifecycle applied
🧠
Adult Learning Theory Andragogy & Knowles' principles
📊
Assessment Design Authentic, performance-based
🏢
Workforce Development Employer-aligned outcomes
✨
Learning Experience Design Learner-centered, empathy-driven
🤖
AI-Enhanced Learning Responsible AI & prompt engineering
🎤
Facilitation Design Workshops, mock interviews, peer review
📝
Technical Documentation Rubrics, portfolio frameworks, style guides
🗂️
Project Management Milestones, phased delivery, feedback loops
Section 01

Executive Summary

About This Project: Per Scholas already delivers excellent professional development support for its cybersecurity students. As a student going through the program, I saw an opportunity to contribute — to organize, extend, and document what that journey could look like in a structured, replicable format. This curriculum is the result: a portfolio artifact built from the student's perspective, using instructional design best practices to give future cohorts even more structure, tools, and scaffolding to walk away job-ready.

Project Origin

This curriculum started as a personal project during my time in the Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI program. I used what I was learning — both in cybersecurity and in the PD portion of the course — as raw material to build a structured instructional design artifact that could serve as a teacher planning tool, a student progression guide, or a reusable program framework.

The program is designed as a blended format, combining synchronous workshop sessions, asynchronous independent practice, peer review, and individual coaching feedback.

Target Audience

Adult learners in the Per Scholas Cybersecurity program — many of whom are career-changers from underrepresented communities entering the technology sector for the first time. This curriculum supplements their technical training with a structured, week-by-week framework for building the professional tools and confidence employers look for.

Intended Learner Outcomes

  • ATS-optimized resume ready for submission
  • Recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile completed
  • GitHub portfolio with documented projects
  • 30-second elevator pitch delivered with confidence
  • Mock interview performance meeting rubric standards
  • Live job applications tracked in a structured system
  • Capstone presentation to workforce stakeholders

Program Snapshot

Duration8 Weeks
FormatBlended (Sync + Async)
Sessions/Week1–2 Workshops + Independent Practice
FrameworkADDIE + Experiential Learning
Assessment ModelAuthentic / Performance-Based
AI IntegrationEmbedded across all modules
Section 02

Instructional Design Methodology

This curriculum was developed using the ADDIE framework — a systematic instructional design process ensuring alignment between learner needs, program goals, and measurable outcomes. Each phase directly informed specific design decisions within this project.

A
Analysis
Identified the learner journey: what skills and tools students already receive, what additional scaffolding could elevate their employment readiness, and what gaps exist between program completion and confident job searching.
D
Design
Mapped a scaffolded 8-week sequence with measurable outcomes, authentic assessments, and Bloom's-aligned objectives built on top of the program's existing strengths.
D
Development
Built workshop materials, rubrics, AI-assisted activity guides, peer review protocols, and a structured capstone framework designed to be reusable by future cohorts.
I
Implementation
Deployed via a blended model: synchronous cohort sessions plus asynchronous independent practice, designed to complement Per Scholas' existing schedule and delivery approach.
E
Evaluation
Kirkpatrick Level 1–3 metrics: learner satisfaction, skill acquisition, and transfer to employment outcomes — with built-in continuous improvement loops for future cohorts.

Analysis Phase

Drawing on my own experience as a Per Scholas student — and observing my cohort — I identified opportunities to add more structure around GitHub portfolio creation, organized job tracking, and a formal capstone presentation. These additions complement the program's existing resume, LinkedIn, and interview preparation support.

Learner ObservationGap AnalysisStudent Experience

Design Phase

Objectives were written using Bloom's Taxonomy action verbs (construct, demonstrate, evaluate, synthesize). Each week targets a discrete, stackable skill set. Backward design ensured every activity traced directly to a real employment outcome.

Backward DesignBloom's TaxonomyLearning Objectives

Development Phase

Materials include facilitator guides, learner workbooks, AI prompt libraries, grading rubrics with defined success criteria, peer review templates, and alumni speaker frameworks — all developed to be scalable and reusable by any facilitator.

Rubric DesignWorkshop MaterialsAI Prompt Libraries

Implementation & Evaluation

The blended delivery model accounts for adult learner schedules and varied access needs. Continuous improvement is built in via mid-program check-ins, end-of-session feedback forms, and post-placement employment tracking that feeds back into future curriculum iterations.

Kirkpatrick ModelBlended LearningContinuous Improvement
Section 03

Learner Analysis

Effective instructional design begins with a deep understanding of the learner. The following analysis informed every design decision in this curriculum — written from the perspective of someone who experienced this program as a student.

Target Learner Profile

Adult career-changers and re-entry professionals (primarily ages 22–45) completing the Per Scholas Cybersecurity program. Many are first-generation college students or individuals from communities historically underrepresented in the tech sector — bringing significant life experience and motivation into the classroom.

Career Changers First-Generation Underrepresented Communities Adult Learners

Prior Knowledge & Entry Skills

Learners enter with developing cybersecurity technical competency and participate in existing professional development sessions. This curriculum adds extended scaffolding — particularly around GitHub portfolio documentation and structured job tracking — for students who want to go further in building their professional presence.

Technology Requirements

Computer with internet connection required. All platforms used are freely accessible: LinkedIn, GitHub, Google Docs, AI tools (Azari AI, ChatGPT, Claude), and video conferencing. No paid software required — a deliberate choice to remove access barriers.

Areas This Curriculum Targets

  • GitHub portfolio creation and documentation
  • Structured, week-by-week job search tracking
  • Formal capstone presentation to stakeholders
  • AI prompt engineering as a professional skill
  • Organized peer review protocols across all deliverables
  • Alumni engagement and workforce development integration
  • Confidence-building through structured, repeated practice

Professional Development Goals

  • Resume development and ATS optimization
  • Professional online identity (LinkedIn, GitHub)
  • Verbal self-marketing and elevator pitch
  • Behavioral and technical interview preparation
  • Organized job search strategy and application tracking
  • Professional networking skills
  • Cohort-level community building and peer support
Section 04

Program Learning Outcomes

Design Note: All outcomes are written using measurable action verbs from Bloom's Taxonomy (Revised), ensuring they are observable, assessable, and aligned to real-world employment performance.

By the end of this 8-week program, learners will be able to:

DomainBloom's LevelLearning OutcomeBloom's Verb
Resume DevelopmentCreateConstruct an ATS-optimized resume that highlights cybersecurity skills, certifications, and measurable accomplishmentsConstruct
LinkedIn OptimizationApplyDevelop a complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile incorporating industry-relevant keywords and a compelling professional summaryDevelop
GitHub PortfolioCreateBuild a professional GitHub portfolio with a structured README, project documentation, and evidence of technical courseworkBuild
Elevator PitchApplyDeliver a polished 30-second elevator pitch that clearly communicates professional identity, skills, and career goalsDeliver
Interview ReadinessEvaluateDemonstrate competency in behavioral and technical interview formats by responding to structured questions using the STAR methodDemonstrate
AI ToolsAnalyzeEvaluate AI-generated career content for accuracy, tone, and authenticity, applying responsible editing practices before useEvaluate
Job Search StrategyApplyOrganize an active job search using a structured tracking system documenting applications, follow-ups, and outcomesOrganize
Professional BrandingSynthesizeSynthesize a cohesive personal brand narrative that is consistent across resume, LinkedIn, GitHub, and verbal communicationSynthesize
CapstoneCreate + EvaluatePresent a complete career readiness portfolio to an audience of workforce professionals, incorporating peer and facilitator feedbackPresent
Section 05

Curriculum Map

The 8-week sequence is scaffolded from foundational branding through to an integrated, employer-facing capstone presentation. Each week builds on the last, ensuring learners develop skills progressively before synthesizing them in a final showcase.

WeekTopicSkills DevelopedDeliverableAssessment Method
Week 1 Resume Development ATS formatting, keyword integration, accomplishment-based language, transferable skills articulation Polished, ATS-optimized resume Rubric-based peer + facilitator review
Week 2 LinkedIn Optimization Professional summary writing, headline crafting, skills section, recruiter discoverability Complete LinkedIn profile Profile audit checklist + peer feedback
Week 3 GitHub Portfolio README documentation, project organization, technical writing, portfolio curation GitHub portfolio with README and 2+ projects Portfolio review rubric
Week 4 AI-Assisted Career Prep Prompt engineering, AI content review and editing, responsible AI use, efficiency tools AI-assisted resume + cover letter drafts with edits documented Reflection on editing process; before/after comparison
Week 5 Elevator Pitch Verbal self-marketing, concise storytelling, professional presence, audience awareness Recorded 30-second elevator pitch Peer evaluation rubric + facilitator feedback
Week 6 Mock Interviews STAR method, behavioral questioning, technical Q&A, active listening, professional composure Completed mock interview (recorded or live) Structured interview rubric + self-assessment
Week 7 Workforce Integration & Job Tracking Job search strategy, networking, application tracking, alumni engagement Job tracker with 5+ active applications documented Tracker review + networking activity log
Week 8 Capstone Presentation Portfolio synthesis, professional presentation, audience engagement, self-advocacy Full career readiness portfolio + live capstone presentation Capstone rubric evaluated by facilitators and workforce partners
Section 06

Assessment Strategy

Design Philosophy: This program uses authentic, performance-based assessments — not quizzes or exams. Every assessment produces a real-world artifact or demonstrated skill that learners can use immediately in their job search. This aligns with adult learning theory: adults learn best when content is immediately applicable to their lived goals.
AssessmentTypeLearning Objective MeasuredSuccess Criteria
Resume Review Authentic / Product Construct an ATS-optimized resume reflecting cybersecurity competencies Passes ATS scan; includes quantified accomplishments; rubric score ≥ 80%
LinkedIn Review Authentic / Product Develop a complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile All required sections complete; professional headshot; 500+ character summary; industry keywords present
GitHub Portfolio Portfolio / Product Build a professional GitHub portfolio with documented projects Profile README complete; 2+ projects with descriptions; consistent formatting; accessible to public
Elevator Pitch Performance Deliver a polished 30-second professional self-introduction Stays within 30–45 seconds; clearly states name, role, skills, and goal; confident delivery; peer rubric ≥ 75%
Mock Interviews Performance / Simulation Demonstrate behavioral and technical interview competency using STAR method STAR structure used in ≥ 3 responses; maintains professional composure; facilitator rubric score ≥ 75%
Job Tracker Process / Documentation Organize a structured, active job search strategy Minimum 5 applications documented; includes company, role, date, status, and follow-up notes
Capstone Presentation Summative / Portfolio Defense Synthesize and present a complete career readiness portfolio to workforce stakeholders All 6 core artifacts present; 8–10 minute presentation; audience Q&A navigated confidently; overall rubric ≥ 80%
Section 07

Adult Learning Principles

This curriculum is grounded in Malcolm Knowles' theory of Andragogy and Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle. Every module was designed with the following adult learning principles explicitly in mind:

Self-Directed Learning

Learners choose their own job search targets, write their own career narratives, and make independent decisions about their professional brand. Facilitators guide rather than dictate. Asynchronous modules allow learners to pace their work around their lives.

Relevance to Career Goals

Every activity produces something learners will actually use in their job search — not hypothetical exercises. This immediate relevance is the core motivator for adult engagement and program completion.

Immediate Application

Skills are applied the same week they are introduced. Resume week produces a real resume. Pitch week produces a recorded pitch. There is no lag between learning and doing — a key principle of adult motivation.

Reflection

Self-assessments, written reflections on AI tool use, and post-interview debriefs build metacognitive awareness. Learners are explicitly asked: "What worked? What would you change?" — connecting experience to growth.

Peer Learning

Structured peer review activities occur in Weeks 1, 2, 5, and 6. Learners practice giving and receiving professional feedback — a critical workplace skill that also deepens their own understanding of quality standards.

Authentic Workplace Scenarios

Mock interviews simulate real interview conditions. Capstone presentations replicate workforce panel presentations. Alumni and employer guests provide authentic industry context. Scenarios mirror real hiring events, not classroom exercises.

Section 08

AI Integration Strategy

Educational Rationale: AI tools are not used as shortcuts — they are treated as productivity tools that require learner judgment, critical thinking, and professional editing. The curriculum explicitly teaches learners how to use AI responsibly, preparing them for a workforce that increasingly expects AI literacy.

🎯 Prompt Engineering

Week 4 introduces learners to structured prompt writing. Students practice crafting specific, role-targeted prompts that produce relevant career content — a transferable skill valued by modern employers across all sectors.

Week 4Transferable Skill

⚖️ Responsible AI Use

Learners are explicitly taught to review AI output for accuracy, tone, cultural fit, and authenticity. A "before and after" reflection documents what they changed and why — building critical evaluation skills alongside efficiency.

Critical ThinkingEthical Use

✏️ Human Review & Editing

No AI-generated content is submitted unedited. Learners are required to personalize, fact-check, and revise all AI outputs to reflect their authentic voice. This process makes the final product stronger, not just faster.

AuthenticityQuality Control

🚀 AI as Productivity Tool

AI is framed as a first-draft accelerator, not a thinking replacement. Learners use it to overcome blank-page paralysis and generate options — then apply their own expertise to select, refine, and personalize the content.

ProductivityCritical Thinking

🏢 Workforce Readiness

Employers increasingly expect new hires to be AI-literate. By integrating AI tools with explicit guidance on responsible use, this curriculum ensures graduates can speak confidently about how and when they use these tools professionally.

Employer AlignmentFuture-Ready Skills

🔒 Transparency & Integrity

Learners document their AI use and editing decisions. This creates accountability while normalizing the responsible, disclosed use of AI — a professional standard being adopted across industries.

TransparencyDocumentation
Section 09

Accessibility & Inclusive Design

This curriculum was designed with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles as a guiding framework, ensuring all learners can access, engage with, and demonstrate learning regardless of background or circumstance.

Multiple Learning Modalities

  • Visual: rubrics, curriculum maps, sample documents
  • Auditory: facilitator-led discussions, recorded pitches
  • Kinesthetic: hands-on platform building (GitHub, LinkedIn)
  • Written: reflections, documentation, job tracker
  • Social: peer review, mock interviews, alumni panels

Alternative Participation Formats

  • Elevator pitch may be delivered live or recorded
  • Mock interviews offered in-person or via video format
  • Written reflections as an alternative to verbal debrief
  • Asynchronous modules available for schedule flexibility

UDL Principles Applied

  • Multiple Means of Representation: Visual samples, written guides, and verbal modeling
  • Multiple Means of Engagement: Peer work, individual work, and self-paced activities
  • Multiple Means of Expression: Varied assessment formats aligned to skill type

Equity Considerations

  • All platforms used are free and publicly accessible
  • No proprietary software required for participation
  • Clear rubrics reduce subjective evaluation
  • Alumni mentors can reflect the diversity of the cohort
  • Imposter syndrome addressed explicitly in facilitation design
Section 10

Program Evaluation & Continuous Improvement

Program effectiveness is measured using a Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model, with additional workforce development metrics aligned to Per Scholas' organizational outcomes.

Kirkpatrick LevelMetricHow MeasuredTarget
Level 1 — ReactionLearner satisfactionEnd-of-session feedback surveys; post-program NPS≥ 80% positive response rate
Level 2 — LearningSkill acquisitionPre/post rubric scores on resume, pitch, and interview assessmentsMeasurable improvement from Week 1 to Week 8
Level 3 — BehaviorPortfolio completion rate% of learners who complete all 6 core deliverables≥ 85% completion
Level 3 — BehaviorMock interview performanceFacilitator rubric scores across cohort≥ 75% of learners score proficient or above
Level 4 — ResultsEmployment outcomes90-day and 6-month placement tracking via alumni follow-upIncreased placement rate vs. prior cohorts
WFD MetricsWorkforce development KPIsPer Scholas alumni engagement rates; employer satisfaction surveysAligns with organizational reporting requirements
Continuous Improvement Loop: Data collected at each evaluation level feeds back into the ADDIE Analysis phase for the next cohort. Facilitator notes, learner feedback, and employer input are synthesized each cycle to refine content, pacing, and assessment standards.
Section 11 — Recruiter-Facing

Skills Demonstrated Through This Project

This curriculum project demonstrates a comprehensive range of instructional design, curriculum development, and workforce training competencies applicable to corporate L&D, EdTech, workforce development, and higher education settings.

Competency AreaEvidence in This ProjectIndustry Application
Curriculum Development8-week scaffolded program with logical skill progression and backward-designed objectivesL&D teams, training departments, academic institutions
Instructional Design (ADDIE)Full ADDIE lifecycle documented with phase-specific examples from this programAll ID roles
Learning Experience DesignLearner-centered design with empathy-driven barrier analysis and UDL principlesEdTech, corporate training, bootcamps
Facilitation DesignWorkshop structures, facilitator guides, peer review protocols, mock interview frameworksTraining facilitation, coaching, workshop design
Assessment DesignAuthentic, performance-based assessments with rubrics tied directly to Bloom's objectivesK-12, higher ed, workforce training
Workforce DevelopmentEmployer-aligned outcomes, Kirkpatrick evaluation, placement tracking, alumni integrationWFD organizations, nonprofit training, career services
Project ManagementSequenced 8-week timeline, milestone deliverables, iterative feedback cyclesProgram management, L&D project leadership
AI IntegrationStructured AI learning module with prompt engineering, responsible use, and workforce rationaleEdTech, corporate innovation teams, training modernization
Technical DocumentationGitHub portfolio, structured rubrics, curriculum maps, program evaluation frameworksTechnical writing, instructional materials development
Adult Learning TheoryAndragogy, experiential learning, and UDL explicitly applied throughout designAll adult learning contexts
Career Readiness TrainingResume, LinkedIn, GitHub, interview, and job search strategy all developed to industry standardsCareer services, bootcamps, workforce development
Section 12 — Learner Artifacts

Key Deliverables

Each learner exits this program with eight production-quality artifacts they own, keep, and deploy immediately in their job search. These deliverables represent the tangible output of the program and serve as the evidence base for capstone evaluation.

01

ATS-Optimized Resume

A polished, keyword-rich resume formatted for Applicant Tracking Systems with accomplishment-based bullet points.

02

LinkedIn Profile

A complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile with professional summary, skills, headline, and project highlights.

03

GitHub Portfolio

A curated GitHub profile with a professional README, documented cybersecurity projects, and consistent formatting.

04

Elevator Pitch (Recorded)

A 30-second recorded professional introduction ready for networking events, career fairs, and virtual interviews.

05

Mock Interview Recording

A completed mock interview session demonstrating STAR method responses to behavioral and technical questions.

06

Job Application Tracker

A structured spreadsheet documenting active applications, company research, follow-ups, and status updates.

07

AI-Assisted Cover Letter

A personalized cover letter produced using AI-assisted drafting with documented learner edits and customization.

08

Capstone Presentation

An 8–10 minute presentation to workforce stakeholders showcasing the complete career readiness portfolio with Q&A.

← Portfolio Home View Live Curriculum Tool →
Section 13 — Portfolio Reflection

Reflection & Design Decisions

The following reflection documents the rationale behind key design choices in this curriculum — demonstrating the intentionality that distinguishes instructional design from content delivery.

Why 8 weeks?

Scaffolded Progression

Eight weeks allows sufficient time to build, practice, receive feedback, and revise each core competency. Shorter programs sacrifice depth; longer programs risk attrition among working adults. The 8-week arc mirrors the real timeline of an active job search, giving learners immediately relevant milestones rather than front-loaded theory.

Why authentic assessments?

Real Artifacts, Real Results

Quizzes and tests do not produce employable graduates — portfolios do. Authentic assessments are evidence-based, immediately transferable, and deeply motivating for adult learners because the "grade" is a job-search tool they actually need. Every rubric was designed to simulate how an employer or recruiter would evaluate the same artifact.

Why integrate AI?

Workforce-Relevant Literacy

Excluding AI from a workforce training program would be a disservice to learners entering organizations that are actively adopting these tools. Rather than ignoring AI or treating it as off-limits, this curriculum teaches ethical, strategic AI use — with critical editing as the core skill. Learners leave with demonstrated AI literacy, not just AI access.

How did WFD goals shape design?

Outcome-First Design

Per Scholas' mission centers on measurable employment outcomes for underrepresented learners. Every design decision was filtered through this lens: Does this activity move learners closer to a job offer? Does this assessment produce an artifact that matters to employers? Workforce development is not just a context — it is the core design constraint.

Why include peer review?

Professional Community Building

Adult learners bring significant prior experience to the cohort. Peer review structures honor that expertise while building a professional network that outlasts the program itself. Cohort bonds formed during peer feedback sessions can become future referral networks — a real and lasting outcome of the program.

What would you improve?

Continuous Improvement Mindset

Future iterations could include a dedicated module on salary negotiation and offer evaluation, expanded employer participation in mock interviews, and a structured alumni check-in at 6 and 12 months. Each cohort's feedback should formally feed back into the next iteration through the ADDIE continuous improvement loop.

Also in This Portfolio

Self-Built Study Resources & Learning Tools

Alongside this curriculum project, I independently design and build my own study resources — applying the same learning design principles behind this curriculum to my own education. These tools go beyond note-taking: they are structured, multi-format learning systems I created to genuinely understand and retain technical material.

The collection serves as a living resource hub for Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI coursework, CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701) exam preparation, and Cisco Networking fundamentals — organized so that both I and other learners can navigate and use them effectively.

Learning Design

Leitner System Flashcards

Spaced-repetition flashcard sets built around CompTIA Security+ 701 and Cisco networking domains — designed for long-term retention, not short-term cramming.

Study Method

Cartoon & Analogy Guides

Complex cybersecurity and networking concepts explained through original analogies and visual thinking — making technical content more accessible and memorable.

Self-Assessment

Practice Quizzes

Self-created quizzes aligned to CompTIA Security+ 701 exam objectives and Per Scholas coursework, used to test comprehension and identify knowledge gaps.

Course Resources

Per Scholas Class Materials

Organized reference library of resources received throughout the Cybersecurity AI program — structured for easy review and continued use after graduation.

Certification Prep

CompTIA Security+ 701

Domain-by-domain study guides covering threats, architecture, implementation, operations, and governance — built to align with the current exam blueprint.

Networking

Cisco Networking Fundamentals

Lab notes, topology diagrams, and concept guides from Cisco networking study, including Packet Tracer exercises and protocol breakdowns.

Concept Mapping

Visual Knowledge Maps

Hand-built visual diagrams connecting cybersecurity concepts, attack types, defense frameworks, and protocols — designed to show relationships, not just definitions.

Real-World Application

Scenario-Based Study Cases

Self-written threat scenarios and incident response walkthroughs that apply classroom concepts to realistic situations — bridging the gap between theory and the SOC floor.

← Explore the full study resource collection
Per Scholas Cybersecurity Career Readiness Curriculum

Designed using ADDIE  ·  Adult Learning Theory  ·  Experiential Learning  ·  Universal Design for Learning  ·  Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model

Instructional Design Portfolio Project  ·  GitHub Pages

← Portfolio Home ← Back to Project View Live Curriculum Tool Skills Summary ADDIE Deliverables

© 2025 Charlene LueQuee. All rights reserved. Pending Copyright.

Per Scholas Career Readiness Curriculum ← Portfolio Home Skills Summary ADDIE Outcomes Curriculum Map Assessment Deliverables
Instructional Design Portfolio

Per Scholas Cybersecurity
Career Readiness Curriculum

An 8-week supplemental professional development curriculum I designed to help Per Scholas cybersecurity students organize, deepen, and extend their career readiness journey — inspired by what I observed and experienced as a student in the program.

8 WeeksDuration BlendedDelivery Format Adult LearnersTarget Audience ADDIE + LXDDesign Framework CybersecurityProgram Track
📋 View the Live Project Per Scholas Professional Development Planning Tool →
Portfolio Highlight

Skills Demonstrated in This Project

📐
Curriculum Development 8-week scaffolded progression
🔄
Instructional Design (ADDIE) Full ADDIE lifecycle applied
🧠
Adult Learning Theory Andragogy & Knowles' principles
📊
Assessment Design Authentic, performance-based
🏢
Workforce Development Employer-aligned outcomes
✨
Learning Experience Design Learner-centered, empathy-driven
🤖
AI-Enhanced Learning Responsible AI & prompt engineering
🎤
Facilitation Design Workshops, mock interviews, peer review
📝
Technical Documentation Rubrics, portfolio frameworks, style guides
🗂️
Project Management Milestones, phased delivery, feedback loops
Section 01

Executive Summary

About This Project: Per Scholas already delivers excellent professional development support for its cybersecurity students. As a student going through the program, I saw an opportunity to contribute — to organize, extend, and document what that journey could look like in a structured, replicable format. This curriculum is the result: a portfolio artifact built from the student's perspective, using instructional design best practices to give future cohorts even more structure, tools, and scaffolding to walk away job-ready.

Project Origin

This curriculum started as a personal project during my time in the Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI program. I used what I was learning — both in cybersecurity and in the PD portion of the course — as raw material to build a structured instructional design artifact that could serve as a teacher planning tool, a student progression guide, or a reusable program framework.

The program is designed as a blended format, combining synchronous workshop sessions, asynchronous independent practice, peer review, and individual coaching feedback.

Target Audience

Adult learners in the Per Scholas Cybersecurity program — many of whom are career-changers from underrepresented communities entering the technology sector for the first time. This curriculum supplements their technical training with a structured, week-by-week framework for building the professional tools and confidence employers look for.

Intended Learner Outcomes

  • ATS-optimized resume ready for submission
  • Recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile completed
  • GitHub portfolio with documented projects
  • 30-second elevator pitch delivered with confidence
  • Mock interview performance meeting rubric standards
  • Live job applications tracked in a structured system
  • Capstone presentation to workforce stakeholders

Program Snapshot

Duration8 Weeks
FormatBlended (Sync + Async)
Sessions/Week1–2 Workshops + Independent Practice
FrameworkADDIE + Experiential Learning
Assessment ModelAuthentic / Performance-Based
AI IntegrationEmbedded across all modules
Section 02

Instructional Design Methodology

This curriculum was developed using the ADDIE framework — a systematic instructional design process ensuring alignment between learner needs, program goals, and measurable outcomes. Each phase directly informed specific design decisions within this project.

A
Analysis
Identified the learner journey: what skills and tools students already receive, what additional scaffolding could elevate their employment readiness, and what gaps exist between program completion and confident job searching.
D
Design
Mapped a scaffolded 8-week sequence with measurable outcomes, authentic assessments, and Bloom's-aligned objectives built on top of the program's existing strengths.
D
Development
Built workshop materials, rubrics, AI-assisted activity guides, peer review protocols, and a structured capstone framework designed to be reusable by future cohorts.
I
Implementation
Deployed via a blended model: synchronous cohort sessions plus asynchronous independent practice, designed to complement Per Scholas' existing schedule and delivery approach.
E
Evaluation
Kirkpatrick Level 1–3 metrics: learner satisfaction, skill acquisition, and transfer to employment outcomes — with built-in continuous improvement loops for future cohorts.

Analysis Phase

Drawing on my own experience as a Per Scholas student — and observing my cohort — I identified opportunities to add more structure around GitHub portfolio creation, organized job tracking, and a formal capstone presentation. These additions complement the program's existing resume, LinkedIn, and interview preparation support.

Learner ObservationGap AnalysisStudent Experience

Design Phase

Objectives were written using Bloom's Taxonomy action verbs (construct, demonstrate, evaluate, synthesize). Each week targets a discrete, stackable skill set. Backward design ensured every activity traced directly to a real employment outcome.

Backward DesignBloom's TaxonomyLearning Objectives

Development Phase

Materials include facilitator guides, learner workbooks, AI prompt libraries, grading rubrics with defined success criteria, peer review templates, and alumni speaker frameworks — all developed to be scalable and reusable by any facilitator.

Rubric DesignWorkshop MaterialsAI Prompt Libraries

Implementation & Evaluation

The blended delivery model accounts for adult learner schedules and varied access needs. Continuous improvement is built in via mid-program check-ins, end-of-session feedback forms, and post-placement employment tracking that feeds back into future curriculum iterations.

Kirkpatrick ModelBlended LearningContinuous Improvement
Section 03

Learner Analysis

Effective instructional design begins with a deep understanding of the learner. The following analysis informed every design decision in this curriculum — written from the perspective of someone who experienced this program as a student.

Target Learner Profile

Adult career-changers and re-entry professionals (primarily ages 22–45) completing the Per Scholas Cybersecurity program. Many are first-generation college students or individuals from communities historically underrepresented in the tech sector — bringing significant life experience and motivation into the classroom.

Career Changers First-Generation Underrepresented Communities Adult Learners

Prior Knowledge & Entry Skills

Learners enter with developing cybersecurity technical competency and participate in existing professional development sessions. This curriculum adds extended scaffolding — particularly around GitHub portfolio documentation and structured job tracking — for students who want to go further in building their professional presence.

Technology Requirements

Computer with internet connection required. All platforms used are freely accessible: LinkedIn, GitHub, Google Docs, AI tools (Azari AI, ChatGPT, Claude), and video conferencing. No paid software required — a deliberate choice to remove access barriers.

Areas This Curriculum Targets

  • GitHub portfolio creation and documentation
  • Structured, week-by-week job search tracking
  • Formal capstone presentation to stakeholders
  • AI prompt engineering as a professional skill
  • Organized peer review protocols across all deliverables
  • Alumni engagement and workforce development integration
  • Confidence-building through structured, repeated practice

Professional Development Goals

  • Resume development and ATS optimization
  • Professional online identity (LinkedIn, GitHub)
  • Verbal self-marketing and elevator pitch
  • Behavioral and technical interview preparation
  • Organized job search strategy and application tracking
  • Professional networking skills
  • Cohort-level community building and peer support
Section 04

Program Learning Outcomes

Design Note: All outcomes are written using measurable action verbs from Bloom's Taxonomy (Revised), ensuring they are observable, assessable, and aligned to real-world employment performance.

By the end of this 8-week program, learners will be able to:

DomainBloom's LevelLearning OutcomeBloom's Verb
Resume DevelopmentCreateConstruct an ATS-optimized resume that highlights cybersecurity skills, certifications, and measurable accomplishmentsConstruct
LinkedIn OptimizationApplyDevelop a complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile incorporating industry-relevant keywords and a compelling professional summaryDevelop
GitHub PortfolioCreateBuild a professional GitHub portfolio with a structured README, project documentation, and evidence of technical courseworkBuild
Elevator PitchApplyDeliver a polished 30-second elevator pitch that clearly communicates professional identity, skills, and career goalsDeliver
Interview ReadinessEvaluateDemonstrate competency in behavioral and technical interview formats by responding to structured questions using the STAR methodDemonstrate
AI ToolsAnalyzeEvaluate AI-generated career content for accuracy, tone, and authenticity, applying responsible editing practices before useEvaluate
Job Search StrategyApplyOrganize an active job search using a structured tracking system documenting applications, follow-ups, and outcomesOrganize
Professional BrandingSynthesizeSynthesize a cohesive personal brand narrative that is consistent across resume, LinkedIn, GitHub, and verbal communicationSynthesize
CapstoneCreate + EvaluatePresent a complete career readiness portfolio to an audience of workforce professionals, incorporating peer and facilitator feedbackPresent
Section 05

Curriculum Map

The 8-week sequence is scaffolded from foundational branding through to an integrated, employer-facing capstone presentation. Each week builds on the last, ensuring learners develop skills progressively before synthesizing them in a final showcase.

WeekTopicSkills DevelopedDeliverableAssessment Method
Week 1 Resume Development ATS formatting, keyword integration, accomplishment-based language, transferable skills articulation Polished, ATS-optimized resume Rubric-based peer + facilitator review
Week 2 LinkedIn Optimization Professional summary writing, headline crafting, skills section, recruiter discoverability Complete LinkedIn profile Profile audit checklist + peer feedback
Week 3 GitHub Portfolio README documentation, project organization, technical writing, portfolio curation GitHub portfolio with README and 2+ projects Portfolio review rubric
Week 4 AI-Assisted Career Prep Prompt engineering, AI content review and editing, responsible AI use, efficiency tools AI-assisted resume + cover letter drafts with edits documented Reflection on editing process; before/after comparison
Week 5 Elevator Pitch Verbal self-marketing, concise storytelling, professional presence, audience awareness Recorded 30-second elevator pitch Peer evaluation rubric + facilitator feedback
Week 6 Mock Interviews STAR method, behavioral questioning, technical Q&A, active listening, professional composure Completed mock interview (recorded or live) Structured interview rubric + self-assessment
Week 7 Workforce Integration & Job Tracking Job search strategy, networking, application tracking, alumni engagement Job tracker with 5+ active applications documented Tracker review + networking activity log
Week 8 Capstone Presentation Portfolio synthesis, professional presentation, audience engagement, self-advocacy Full career readiness portfolio + live capstone presentation Capstone rubric evaluated by facilitators and workforce partners
Section 06

Assessment Strategy

Design Philosophy: This program uses authentic, performance-based assessments — not quizzes or exams. Every assessment produces a real-world artifact or demonstrated skill that learners can use immediately in their job search. This aligns with adult learning theory: adults learn best when content is immediately applicable to their lived goals.
AssessmentTypeLearning Objective MeasuredSuccess Criteria
Resume Review Authentic / Product Construct an ATS-optimized resume reflecting cybersecurity competencies Passes ATS scan; includes quantified accomplishments; rubric score ≥ 80%
LinkedIn Review Authentic / Product Develop a complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile All required sections complete; professional headshot; 500+ character summary; industry keywords present
GitHub Portfolio Portfolio / Product Build a professional GitHub portfolio with documented projects Profile README complete; 2+ projects with descriptions; consistent formatting; accessible to public
Elevator Pitch Performance Deliver a polished 30-second professional self-introduction Stays within 30–45 seconds; clearly states name, role, skills, and goal; confident delivery; peer rubric ≥ 75%
Mock Interviews Performance / Simulation Demonstrate behavioral and technical interview competency using STAR method STAR structure used in ≥ 3 responses; maintains professional composure; facilitator rubric score ≥ 75%
Job Tracker Process / Documentation Organize a structured, active job search strategy Minimum 5 applications documented; includes company, role, date, status, and follow-up notes
Capstone Presentation Summative / Portfolio Defense Synthesize and present a complete career readiness portfolio to workforce stakeholders All 6 core artifacts present; 8–10 minute presentation; audience Q&A navigated confidently; overall rubric ≥ 80%
Section 07

Adult Learning Principles

This curriculum is grounded in Malcolm Knowles' theory of Andragogy and Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle. Every module was designed with the following adult learning principles explicitly in mind:

Self-Directed Learning

Learners choose their own job search targets, write their own career narratives, and make independent decisions about their professional brand. Facilitators guide rather than dictate. Asynchronous modules allow learners to pace their work around their lives.

Relevance to Career Goals

Every activity produces something learners will actually use in their job search — not hypothetical exercises. This immediate relevance is the core motivator for adult engagement and program completion.

Immediate Application

Skills are applied the same week they are introduced. Resume week produces a real resume. Pitch week produces a recorded pitch. There is no lag between learning and doing — a key principle of adult motivation.

Reflection

Self-assessments, written reflections on AI tool use, and post-interview debriefs build metacognitive awareness. Learners are explicitly asked: "What worked? What would you change?" — connecting experience to growth.

Peer Learning

Structured peer review activities occur in Weeks 1, 2, 5, and 6. Learners practice giving and receiving professional feedback — a critical workplace skill that also deepens their own understanding of quality standards.

Authentic Workplace Scenarios

Mock interviews simulate real interview conditions. Capstone presentations replicate workforce panel presentations. Alumni and employer guests provide authentic industry context. Scenarios mirror real hiring events, not classroom exercises.

Section 08

AI Integration Strategy

Educational Rationale: AI tools are not used as shortcuts — they are treated as productivity tools that require learner judgment, critical thinking, and professional editing. The curriculum explicitly teaches learners how to use AI responsibly, preparing them for a workforce that increasingly expects AI literacy.

🎯 Prompt Engineering

Week 4 introduces learners to structured prompt writing. Students practice crafting specific, role-targeted prompts that produce relevant career content — a transferable skill valued by modern employers across all sectors.

Week 4Transferable Skill

⚖️ Responsible AI Use

Learners are explicitly taught to review AI output for accuracy, tone, cultural fit, and authenticity. A "before and after" reflection documents what they changed and why — building critical evaluation skills alongside efficiency.

Critical ThinkingEthical Use

✏️ Human Review & Editing

No AI-generated content is submitted unedited. Learners are required to personalize, fact-check, and revise all AI outputs to reflect their authentic voice. This process makes the final product stronger, not just faster.

AuthenticityQuality Control

🚀 AI as Productivity Tool

AI is framed as a first-draft accelerator, not a thinking replacement. Learners use it to overcome blank-page paralysis and generate options — then apply their own expertise to select, refine, and personalize the content.

ProductivityCritical Thinking

🏢 Workforce Readiness

Employers increasingly expect new hires to be AI-literate. By integrating AI tools with explicit guidance on responsible use, this curriculum ensures graduates can speak confidently about how and when they use these tools professionally.

Employer AlignmentFuture-Ready Skills

🔒 Transparency & Integrity

Learners document their AI use and editing decisions. This creates accountability while normalizing the responsible, disclosed use of AI — a professional standard being adopted across industries.

TransparencyDocumentation
Section 09

Accessibility & Inclusive Design

This curriculum was designed with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles as a guiding framework, ensuring all learners can access, engage with, and demonstrate learning regardless of background or circumstance.

Multiple Learning Modalities

  • Visual: rubrics, curriculum maps, sample documents
  • Auditory: facilitator-led discussions, recorded pitches
  • Kinesthetic: hands-on platform building (GitHub, LinkedIn)
  • Written: reflections, documentation, job tracker
  • Social: peer review, mock interviews, alumni panels

Alternative Participation Formats

  • Elevator pitch may be delivered live or recorded
  • Mock interviews offered in-person or via video format
  • Written reflections as an alternative to verbal debrief
  • Asynchronous modules available for schedule flexibility

UDL Principles Applied

  • Multiple Means of Representation: Visual samples, written guides, and verbal modeling
  • Multiple Means of Engagement: Peer work, individual work, and self-paced activities
  • Multiple Means of Expression: Varied assessment formats aligned to skill type

Equity Considerations

  • All platforms used are free and publicly accessible
  • No proprietary software required for participation
  • Clear rubrics reduce subjective evaluation
  • Alumni mentors can reflect the diversity of the cohort
  • Imposter syndrome addressed explicitly in facilitation design
Section 10

Program Evaluation & Continuous Improvement

Program effectiveness is measured using a Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model, with additional workforce development metrics aligned to Per Scholas' organizational outcomes.

Kirkpatrick LevelMetricHow MeasuredTarget
Level 1 — ReactionLearner satisfactionEnd-of-session feedback surveys; post-program NPS≥ 80% positive response rate
Level 2 — LearningSkill acquisitionPre/post rubric scores on resume, pitch, and interview assessmentsMeasurable improvement from Week 1 to Week 8
Level 3 — BehaviorPortfolio completion rate% of learners who complete all 6 core deliverables≥ 85% completion
Level 3 — BehaviorMock interview performanceFacilitator rubric scores across cohort≥ 75% of learners score proficient or above
Level 4 — ResultsEmployment outcomes90-day and 6-month placement tracking via alumni follow-upIncreased placement rate vs. prior cohorts
WFD MetricsWorkforce development KPIsPer Scholas alumni engagement rates; employer satisfaction surveysAligns with organizational reporting requirements
Continuous Improvement Loop: Data collected at each evaluation level feeds back into the ADDIE Analysis phase for the next cohort. Facilitator notes, learner feedback, and employer input are synthesized each cycle to refine content, pacing, and assessment standards.
Section 11 — Recruiter-Facing

Skills Demonstrated Through This Project

This curriculum project demonstrates a comprehensive range of instructional design, curriculum development, and workforce training competencies applicable to corporate L&D, EdTech, workforce development, and higher education settings.

Competency AreaEvidence in This ProjectIndustry Application
Curriculum Development8-week scaffolded program with logical skill progression and backward-designed objectivesL&D teams, training departments, academic institutions
Instructional Design (ADDIE)Full ADDIE lifecycle documented with phase-specific examples from this programAll ID roles
Learning Experience DesignLearner-centered design with empathy-driven barrier analysis and UDL principlesEdTech, corporate training, bootcamps
Facilitation DesignWorkshop structures, facilitator guides, peer review protocols, mock interview frameworksTraining facilitation, coaching, workshop design
Assessment DesignAuthentic, performance-based assessments with rubrics tied directly to Bloom's objectivesK-12, higher ed, workforce training
Workforce DevelopmentEmployer-aligned outcomes, Kirkpatrick evaluation, placement tracking, alumni integrationWFD organizations, nonprofit training, career services
Project ManagementSequenced 8-week timeline, milestone deliverables, iterative feedback cyclesProgram management, L&D project leadership
AI IntegrationStructured AI learning module with prompt engineering, responsible use, and workforce rationaleEdTech, corporate innovation teams, training modernization
Technical DocumentationGitHub portfolio, structured rubrics, curriculum maps, program evaluation frameworksTechnical writing, instructional materials development
Adult Learning TheoryAndragogy, experiential learning, and UDL explicitly applied throughout designAll adult learning contexts
Career Readiness TrainingResume, LinkedIn, GitHub, interview, and job search strategy all developed to industry standardsCareer services, bootcamps, workforce development
Section 12 — Learner Artifacts

Key Deliverables

Each learner exits this program with eight production-quality artifacts they own, keep, and deploy immediately in their job search. These deliverables represent the tangible output of the program and serve as the evidence base for capstone evaluation.

01

ATS-Optimized Resume

A polished, keyword-rich resume formatted for Applicant Tracking Systems with accomplishment-based bullet points.

02

LinkedIn Profile

A complete, recruiter-facing LinkedIn profile with professional summary, skills, headline, and project highlights.

03

GitHub Portfolio

A curated GitHub profile with a professional README, documented cybersecurity projects, and consistent formatting.

04

Elevator Pitch (Recorded)

A 30-second recorded professional introduction ready for networking events, career fairs, and virtual interviews.

05

Mock Interview Recording

A completed mock interview session demonstrating STAR method responses to behavioral and technical questions.

06

Job Application Tracker

A structured spreadsheet documenting active applications, company research, follow-ups, and status updates.

07

AI-Assisted Cover Letter

A personalized cover letter produced using AI-assisted drafting with documented learner edits and customization.

08

Capstone Presentation

An 8–10 minute presentation to workforce stakeholders showcasing the complete career readiness portfolio with Q&A.

← Portfolio Home View Live Curriculum Tool →
Section 13 — Portfolio Reflection

Reflection & Design Decisions

The following reflection documents the rationale behind key design choices in this curriculum — demonstrating the intentionality that distinguishes instructional design from content delivery.

Why 8 weeks?

Scaffolded Progression

Eight weeks allows sufficient time to build, practice, receive feedback, and revise each core competency. Shorter programs sacrifice depth; longer programs risk attrition among working adults. The 8-week arc mirrors the real timeline of an active job search, giving learners immediately relevant milestones rather than front-loaded theory.

Why authentic assessments?

Real Artifacts, Real Results

Quizzes and tests do not produce employable graduates — portfolios do. Authentic assessments are evidence-based, immediately transferable, and deeply motivating for adult learners because the "grade" is a job-search tool they actually need. Every rubric was designed to simulate how an employer or recruiter would evaluate the same artifact.

Why integrate AI?

Workforce-Relevant Literacy

Excluding AI from a workforce training program would be a disservice to learners entering organizations that are actively adopting these tools. Rather than ignoring AI or treating it as off-limits, this curriculum teaches ethical, strategic AI use — with critical editing as the core skill. Learners leave with demonstrated AI literacy, not just AI access.

How did WFD goals shape design?

Outcome-First Design

Per Scholas' mission centers on measurable employment outcomes for underrepresented learners. Every design decision was filtered through this lens: Does this activity move learners closer to a job offer? Does this assessment produce an artifact that matters to employers? Workforce development is not just a context — it is the core design constraint.

Why include peer review?

Professional Community Building

Adult learners bring significant prior experience to the cohort. Peer review structures honor that expertise while building a professional network that outlasts the program itself. Cohort bonds formed during peer feedback sessions can become future referral networks — a real and lasting outcome of the program.

What would you improve?

Continuous Improvement Mindset

Future iterations could include a dedicated module on salary negotiation and offer evaluation, expanded employer participation in mock interviews, and a structured alumni check-in at 6 and 12 months. Each cohort's feedback should formally feed back into the next iteration through the ADDIE continuous improvement loop.

Also in This Portfolio

Self-Built Study Resources & Learning Tools

Alongside this curriculum project, I independently design and build my own study resources — applying the same learning design principles behind this curriculum to my own education. These tools go beyond note-taking: they are structured, multi-format learning systems I created to genuinely understand and retain technical material.

The collection serves as a living resource hub for Per Scholas Cybersecurity AI coursework, CompTIA Security+ (SY0-701) exam preparation, and Cisco Networking fundamentals — organized so that both I and other learners can navigate and use them effectively.

Learning Design

Leitner System Flashcards

Spaced-repetition flashcard sets built around CompTIA Security+ 701 and Cisco networking domains — designed for long-term retention, not short-term cramming.

Study Method

Cartoon & Analogy Guides

Complex cybersecurity and networking concepts explained through original analogies and visual thinking — making technical content more accessible and memorable.

Self-Assessment

Practice Quizzes

Self-created quizzes aligned to CompTIA Security+ 701 exam objectives and Per Scholas coursework, used to test comprehension and identify knowledge gaps.

Course Resources

Per Scholas Class Materials

Organized reference library of resources received throughout the Cybersecurity AI program — structured for easy review and continued use after graduation.

Certification Prep

CompTIA Security+ 701

Domain-by-domain study guides covering threats, architecture, implementation, operations, and governance — built to align with the current exam blueprint.

Networking

Cisco Networking Fundamentals

Lab notes, topology diagrams, and concept guides from Cisco networking study, including Packet Tracer exercises and protocol breakdowns.

Concept Mapping

Visual Knowledge Maps

Hand-built visual diagrams connecting cybersecurity concepts, attack types, defense frameworks, and protocols — designed to show relationships, not just definitions.

Real-World Application

Scenario-Based Study Cases

Self-written threat scenarios and incident response walkthroughs that apply classroom concepts to realistic situations — bridging the gap between theory and the SOC floor.

← Explore the full study resource collection
Per Scholas Cybersecurity Career Readiness Curriculum

Designed using ADDIE  ·  Adult Learning Theory  ·  Experiential Learning  ·  Universal Design for Learning  ·  Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model

Instructional Design Portfolio Project  ·  GitHub Pages

← Portfolio Home View Live Curriculum Tool Skills Summary ADDIE Deliverables

© 2025 Charlene LueQuee. All rights reserved. Pending Copyright.

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GRC Portfolio

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Charlene LueQuee Back to Portfolio
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GRC Projects

A growing collection of hands-on Governance, Risk & Compliance projects — each one built to simulate real GRC analyst work and produce a portfolio-ready deliverable. Projects are being completed and documented here as they are finished.

What This Section Will Cover

Seven self-directed GRC projects that mirror actual work performed inside security and compliance teams — from building compliance frameworks to running mock internal audits.

1
Build a Mini Compliance Program (ISO 27001 / NIST)
Map ISO 27001 Annex A or NIST 800-53 controls to a fictional company, identify gaps, assign owners, and produce a 1-page compliance summary. Simulates baseline compliance program development for audit readiness.
Framework Alignment Control Evaluation Documentation ⭐ 10/10 Resume Value
2
Create a Risk Register for a Mock Company
Develop a detailed risk register with likelihood-impact scoring, a conditional-formatted heat map, residual risk tracking, and a Risk Summary Report covering the top 3 risks. Simulates core risk management per ISO 31000 and NIST RMF.
Risk Scoring Heat Map Reporting ⭐ 9/10 Resume Value
3
Build a Third-Party Vendor Assessment Template
Design a 25-question vendor security questionnaire across five domains — Governance, Access Control, Data Protection, Incident Response, and Compliance — then apply it to a real public service and produce a scored Vendor Risk Scorecard.
Third-Party Risk Questionnaire Design Evidence Review ⭐ 8/10 Resume Value
4
Create an Incident Response Plan and Test It
Write a complete IR plan covering Purpose, Roles, Detection, Containment, Eradication, Recovery, and Lessons Learned — then run a tabletop simulation of a phishing or ransomware scenario and document findings in a formal Incident Report Template.
IR Planning Tabletop Simulation ISO 27035 ⭐ 8/10 Resume Value
5
Map SOC 2 Controls to a Sample Cloud Environment
Use AWS Free Tier or Azure sandbox to map SOC 2 Trust Service Criteria (CC1–CC9) to real cloud configurations — enabling MFA, CloudTrail logs, and S3 encryption — then collect and organize screenshots as mock audit evidence.
Control Mapping Cloud Security SOC 2 · AWS ⭐ 8/10 Resume Value
6
Build a Compliance Dashboard in Excel or Notion
Translate risk register and control matrix data into visual metrics — tracking control coverage, risk status, and open remediation actions through charts and color-coded tables. Simulates the dashboards GRC teams use to report status to leadership.
Data Visualization Metrics Tracking Excel · Notion ⭐ 7/10 Resume Value
7
Conduct a Mock Internal Audit
Perform a self-audit across Projects 1–6: select 10 controls, collect supporting evidence, complete an Internal Audit Checklist, and write a 2-page Audit Report identifying non-conformities and corrective actions. The capstone deliverable of the full GRC project set.
Audit Methodology Evidence Review Corrective Actions ⭐ 8/10 Resume Value

Frameworks & Standards Applied

Every project maps to one or more industry-recognized frameworks — the same ones referenced in GRC analyst job postings.

NIST CSF NIST 800-53 ISO 27001 ISO 31000 ISO 27035 SOC 2 NIST RMF
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Projects Being Built Now

Each completed project will be linked here with full documentation, evidence artifacts, and a resume bullet. Check back as work progresses.

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Charlene LueQuee
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Study Notes
CompTIA Security+ SY0‑701

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